Mitochondrial Replacement Techniques

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Mitochondrial Replacement Techniques

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on the Ethical and Social Policy Considerations of Novel Techniques for Prevention of Maternal Transmission of Mitochondrial DNA Diseases
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 201 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2016-04-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309388702

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Mitochondrial Replacement Techniques by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on the Ethical and Social Policy Considerations of Novel Techniques for Prevention of Maternal Transmission of Mitochondrial DNA Diseases Pdf

Mitochondrial replacement techniques (MRTs) are designed to prevent the transmission of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diseases from mother to child. While MRTs, if effective, could satisfy a desire of women seeking to have a genetically related child without the risk of passing on mtDNA disease, the technique raises significant ethical and social issues. It would create offspring who have genetic material from two women, something never sanctioned in humans, and would create mitochondrial changes that could be heritable (in female offspring), and therefore passed on in perpetuity. The manipulation would be performed on eggs or embryos, would affect every cell of the resulting individual, and once carried out this genetic manipulation is not reversible. Mitochondrial Replacement Techniques considers the implications of manipulating mitochondrial content both in children born to women as a result of participating in these studies and in descendants of any female offspring. This study examines the ethical and social issues related to MRTs, outlines principles that would provide a framework and foundation for oversight of MRTs, and develops recommendations to inform the Food and Drug Administration's consideration of investigational new drug applications.

Mitochondrial Replacement Techniques

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on the Ethical and Social Policy Considerations of Novel Techniques for Prevention of Maternal Transmission of Mitochondrial DNA Diseases
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 201 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2016-03-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309388733

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Mitochondrial Replacement Techniques by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on the Ethical and Social Policy Considerations of Novel Techniques for Prevention of Maternal Transmission of Mitochondrial DNA Diseases Pdf

Mitochondrial replacement techniques (MRTs) are designed to prevent the transmission of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diseases from mother to child. While MRTs, if effective, could satisfy a desire of women seeking to have a genetically related child without the risk of passing on mtDNA disease, the technique raises significant ethical and social issues. It would create offspring who have genetic material from two women, something never sanctioned in humans, and would create mitochondrial changes that could be heritable (in female offspring), and therefore passed on in perpetuity. The manipulation would be performed on eggs or embryos, would affect every cell of the resulting individual, and once carried out this genetic manipulation is not reversible. Mitochondrial Replacement Techniques considers the implications of manipulating mitochondrial content both in children born to women as a result of participating in these studies and in descendants of any female offspring. This study examines the ethical and social issues related to MRTs, outlines principles that would provide a framework and foundation for oversight of MRTs, and develops recommendations to inform the Food and Drug Administration's consideration of investigational new drug applications.

Heritable Human Genome Editing

Author : The Royal Society,National Academy of Sciences,National Academy of Medicine,International Commission on the Clinical Use of Human Germline Genome Editing
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2021-01-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309671132

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Heritable Human Genome Editing by The Royal Society,National Academy of Sciences,National Academy of Medicine,International Commission on the Clinical Use of Human Germline Genome Editing Pdf

Heritable human genome editing - making changes to the genetic material of eggs, sperm, or any cells that lead to their development, including the cells of early embryos, and establishing a pregnancy - raises not only scientific and medical considerations but also a host of ethical, moral, and societal issues. Human embryos whose genomes have been edited should not be used to create a pregnancy until it is established that precise genomic changes can be made reliably and without introducing undesired changes - criteria that have not yet been met, says Heritable Human Genome Editing. From an international commission of the U.S. National Academy of Medicine, U.S. National Academy of Sciences, and the U.K.'s Royal Society, the report considers potential benefits, harms, and uncertainties associated with genome editing technologies and defines a translational pathway from rigorous preclinical research to initial clinical uses, should a country decide to permit such uses. The report specifies stringent preclinical and clinical requirements for establishing safety and efficacy, and for undertaking long-term monitoring of outcomes. Extensive national and international dialogue is needed before any country decides whether to permit clinical use of this technology, according to the report, which identifies essential elements of national and international scientific governance and oversight.

What you need to know about an Evolutionary Technique of “Mitochondrial Replacement Therapy(MRT)” a.k.a. “Mitochondrial Donation technique”: A Concise Review.

Author : Dr. Hakim. K. Saboowala
Publisher : Dr.Hakim Saboowala
Page : 46 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2024-05-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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What you need to know about an Evolutionary Technique of “Mitochondrial Replacement Therapy(MRT)” a.k.a. “Mitochondrial Donation technique”: A Concise Review. by Dr. Hakim. K. Saboowala Pdf

What you need to know about an Evolutionary Technique of “Mitochondrial Replacement Therapy(MRT)” a.k.a. “Mitochondrial Donation technique”: A Concise Review. Mitochondrial Replacement Therapy also referred to as “Mitochondrial Donation technique” pertains to the category of techniques in which the embryo possessing the nuclear DNA of the parents is subjected to the IVF procedure to have mitochondrial DNA of the donor female. In this era of advanced scientific technologies, MRT aims to treat the infecundity of the diseased females and provide them a suitable chance to have biologically related healthy offspring Mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) is a new form of reproductive in vitro fertilization (IVF) which works on the principle of replacing a women's abnormal mitochondrial DNA (mt-DNA) with the donor's healthy one. MRT include different techniques like: § Spindles transfer (ST), § Pronuclear transfer (PNT) or § Polar body transfer (PBT). Transmission of defective mitochondrial DNA to the next generation can also be prevented by using these approaches. The development of healthy baby free from genetic disorders and to terminate the lethal mitochondrial disorders are the chief motive of this technique. However, moral, social, and cultural objections have restricted its exploration. Therefore, it is attempted in this E-Booklet to summarize: · The various methods involved in MRT, · The global status, and · The exaggerated censure over the years which depicts a strong emphasis for social acceptance and clinical application in the world of medical science along with few relevant Illustrations for better understanding the subject at Molecular Level. …Dr. H. K. Saboowala. M.B.(Bom) .M.R.S.H.(London)

Manual of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection in Human Assisted Reproduction

Author : Gianpiero D. Palermo,Zsolt Peter Nagy
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 175 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2021-11-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781108743839

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Manual of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection in Human Assisted Reproduction by Gianpiero D. Palermo,Zsolt Peter Nagy Pdf

"Not everything in medical science has a clear beginning. The first realization of infertility and putative remedies remain shrouded in contextual history, but likely goes back to the dawn of our species, well before there was a written record. Childlessness was, and is still, considered a burden in some communities"--

Clinical Ethics at the Crossroads of Genetic and Reproductive Technologies

Author : Sorin Hostiuc
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 431 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2018-08-07
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128137659

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Clinical Ethics at the Crossroads of Genetic and Reproductive Technologies by Sorin Hostiuc Pdf

Clinical Ethics at the Crossroads of Genetic and Reproductive Technologies offers thorough discussions on preconception carrier screening, genetic engineering and the use of CRISPR gene editing, mitochondrial gene replacement therapy, sex selection, predictive testing, secondary findings, embryo reduction and the moral status of the embryo, genetic enhancement, and the sharing of genetic data. Chapter contributions from leading bioethicists and clinicians encourage a global, holistic perspective on applied challenges and the moral questions relating the implementation of genetic reproductive technology. The book is an ideal resource for practitioners, regulators, lawmakers, clinical researchers, genetic counselors and graduate and medical students. As the Human Genome Project has triggered a technological revolution that has influenced nearly every field of medicine, including reproductive medicine, obstetrics, gynecology, andrology, prenatal genetic testing, and gene therapy, this book presents a timely resource. Provides practical analysis of the ethical issues raised by cutting-edge techniques and recent advances in prenatal and reproductive genetics Contains contributions from leading bioethicists and clinicians who offer a global, holistic perspective on applied challenges and moral questions relating to genetic and genomic reproductive technology Discusses preconception carrier screening, genetic engineering and the use of CRISPR gene editing, mitochondrial gene replacement therapy, ethical issues, and more

The Pursuit of Parenthood

Author : Margaret Marsh,Wanda Ronner
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2019-08-06
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9781421429854

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The Pursuit of Parenthood by Margaret Marsh,Wanda Ronner Pdf

A wide-ranging history of assisted reproductive technologies and their ethical implications. Finalist of the PROSE Award for Best Book in History of Science, Medicine and Technology by the Association of American Publishers Since the 1978 birth of the first IVF baby, Louise Brown, in England, more than eight million children have been born with the help of assisted reproductive technologies. From the start, they have stirred controversy and raised profound questions: Should there be limits to the lengths to which people can go to make their idea of family a reality? Who should pay for treatment? How can we ensure the ethical use of these technologies? And what can be done to address the racial and economic disparities in access to care that enable some to have children while others go without? In The Pursuit of Parenthood, historian Margaret Marsh and gynecologist Wanda Ronner seek to answer these challenging questions. Bringing their unique expertise in gender history and women's health to the subject, Marsh and Ronner examine the unprecedented means—liberating for some and deeply unsettling for others—by which families can now be created. Beginning with the early efforts to create embryos outside a woman's body and ending with such new developments as mitochondrial replacement techniques and uterus transplants, the authors assess the impact of contemporary reproductive technology in the United States. In this volume, we meet the scientists and physicians who have developed these technologies and the women and men who have used them. Along the way, the book dispels a number of fertility myths, offers policy recommendations that are intended to bring clarity and judgment to this complicated medical history, and reveals why the United States is still known as the "Wild West" of reproductive medicine.

Human Genome Editing

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academy of Medicine,National Academy of Sciences,Committee on Human Gene Editing: Scientific, Medical, and Ethical Considerations
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2017-08-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309452885

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Human Genome Editing by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academy of Medicine,National Academy of Sciences,Committee on Human Gene Editing: Scientific, Medical, and Ethical Considerations Pdf

Genome editing is a powerful new tool for making precise alterations to an organism's genetic material. Recent scientific advances have made genome editing more efficient, precise, and flexible than ever before. These advances have spurred an explosion of interest from around the globe in the possible ways in which genome editing can improve human health. The speed at which these technologies are being developed and applied has led many policymakers and stakeholders to express concern about whether appropriate systems are in place to govern these technologies and how and when the public should be engaged in these decisions. Human Genome Editing considers important questions about the human application of genome editing including: balancing potential benefits with unintended risks, governing the use of genome editing, incorporating societal values into clinical applications and policy decisions, and respecting the inevitable differences across nations and cultures that will shape how and whether to use these new technologies. This report proposes criteria for heritable germline editing, provides conclusions on the crucial need for public education and engagement, and presents 7 general principles for the governance of human genome editing.

Clinical Mitochondrial Medicine

Author : Patrick F. Chinnery,Michael J. Keogh
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2018-05-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780521132985

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Clinical Mitochondrial Medicine by Patrick F. Chinnery,Michael J. Keogh Pdf

This interactive clinical textbook takes a system- and case-based approach in understanding mitochondrial disorders in clinical practice.

Drug-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction

Author : James A. Dykens,Yvonne Will
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 648 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2008-09-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780470372524

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Drug-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction by James A. Dykens,Yvonne Will Pdf

This is the definitive, one-stop resource on preclinical drug evaluation for potential mitochondrial toxicity, addressing the issue upfront in the drug development process. It discusses mitochondrial impairment to organs, skeletal muscle, and nervous systems and details methodologies used to assess mitochondria function. It covers both in vitro and in vivo methods for analysis and includes the latest models. This is the authoritative reference on drug-induced mitochondrial dysfunction for safety assessment professionals in the pharmaceutical industry and for pharmacologists and toxicologists in both drug and environmental health sciences.

Human Mitochondrial DNA and the Evolution of Homo sapiens

Author : Hans-Jürgen Bandelt,Martin Richards,Vincent Macaulay
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2006-09-05
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783540317890

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Human Mitochondrial DNA and the Evolution of Homo sapiens by Hans-Jürgen Bandelt,Martin Richards,Vincent Macaulay Pdf

Mitochondrial DNA is one of the most closely explored genetic systems, because it can tell us so much about the human past. This book takes a unique perspective, presenting the disparate strands that must be tied together to exploit this system. From molecular biology to anthropology, statistics to ancient DNA, this first volume of three presents a comprehensive global picture and a critical appraisal of human mitochondrial DNA variation.

Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Technology, and Law,Committee on Identifying the Needs of the Forensic Sciences Community
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2009-07-29
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780309142397

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Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Technology, and Law,Committee on Identifying the Needs of the Forensic Sciences Community Pdf

Scores of talented and dedicated people serve the forensic science community, performing vitally important work. However, they are often constrained by lack of adequate resources, sound policies, and national support. It is clear that change and advancements, both systematic and scientific, are needed in a number of forensic science disciplines to ensure the reliability of work, establish enforceable standards, and promote best practices with consistent application. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward provides a detailed plan for addressing these needs and suggests the creation of a new government entity, the National Institute of Forensic Science, to establish and enforce standards within the forensic science community. The benefits of improving and regulating the forensic science disciplines are clear: assisting law enforcement officials, enhancing homeland security, and reducing the risk of wrongful conviction and exoneration. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States gives a full account of what is needed to advance the forensic science disciplines, including upgrading of systems and organizational structures, better training, widespread adoption of uniform and enforceable best practices, and mandatory certification and accreditation programs. While this book provides an essential call-to-action for congress and policy makers, it also serves as a vital tool for law enforcement agencies, criminal prosecutors and attorneys, and forensic science educators.

Bioelectrochemistry

Author : Philip N. Bartlett
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 494 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2008-05-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780470753835

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Bioelectrochemistry by Philip N. Bartlett Pdf

Bioelectrochemistry: Fundamentals, Experimental Techniques and Application, covers the fundamental aspects of the chemistry, physics and biology which underlie this subject area. It describes some of the different experimental techniques that can be used to study bioelectrochemical problems and it describes various applications of biolelectrochemisty including amperometric biosensors, immunoassays, electrochemistry of DNA, biofuel cells, whole cell biosensors, in vivo applications and bioelectrosynthesis. By bringing together these different aspects, this work provides a unique source of information in this area, approaching the subject from a cross-disciplinary viewpoint.

An Introduction to Human Molecular Genetics

Author : Jack J. Pasternak
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 656 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2005-06-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780471719175

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An Introduction to Human Molecular Genetics by Jack J. Pasternak Pdf

An Introduction to Human Molecular Genetics Second Edition Jack J. Pasternak The Second Edition of this internationally acclaimed text expandsits coverage of the molecular genetics of inherited human diseaseswith the latest research findings and discoveries. Using a unique,systems-based approach, the text offers readers a thoroughexplanation of the gene discovery process and how defective genesare linked to inherited disease states in major organ and tissuesystems. All the latest developments in functional genomics,proteomics, and microarray technology have been thoroughlyincorporated into the text. The first part of the text introduces readers to the fundamentalsof cytogenetics and Mendelian genetics. Next, techniques andstrategies for gene manipulation, mapping, and isolation areexamined. Readers will particularly appreciate the text'sexceptionally thorough and clear explanation of genetic mapping.The final part features unique coverage of the molecular geneticsof distinct biological systems, covering muscle, neurological, eye,cancer, and mitochondrial disorders. Throughout the text, helpfulfigures and diagrams illustrate and clarify complex material. Readers familiar with the first edition will recognize the text'ssame lucid and engaging style, and will find a wealth of new andexpanded material that brings them fully up to date with a currentunderstanding of the field, including: * New chapters on complex genetic disorders, genomic imprinting,and human population genetics * Expanded and fully revised section on clinical genetics, coveringdiagnostic testing, molecular screening, and varioustreatments This text is targeted at upper-level undergraduate students,graduate students, and medical students. It is also an excellentreference for researchers and physicians who need a clinicallyrelevant reference for the molecular genetics of inherited humandiseases.

Red Light Therapy: Miracle Medicine

Author : Mark Sloan
Publisher : Lulu.com
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2020-02-10
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9780994741899

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Red Light Therapy: Miracle Medicine by Mark Sloan Pdf

Supercharge your Health Without Negative Side Effects! Imagine a world without toxic drugs and endless lists of side effects. A world where a revolutionary new technology is used to accelerate healing of virtually all disease and conditions. Imagine red light therapy. Science writer Mark Sloan is the author of 3 bestselling books and is the creator of a popular blog delivering evidence-based health information which has helped tens of thousands of people get healthy. Red Light Therapy: Miracle Medicine is your ultimate guide to understanding red light therapy and how to use it to get the greatest possible results. If you like straightforward information, easy-to-follow techniques, and proven strategies, then you'll love Mark Sloan's next-level resource. Pick up your copy now by clicking the BUY NOW button at the top of this page!