Neural Networks And Brain Function

Author : Edmund T. Rolls,Alessandro Treves
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 418 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0198524331

Get Book

Neural Networks and Brain Function by Edmund T. Rolls,Alessandro Treves Pdf

This book describes the types of computation that can be performed by biologically plausible neural networks and shows how they may be implemented in different systems of the brain. It is structured in three sections, each of which addresses a different need. The first introduces and analyzes the operation of several fundamental types of neural networks. The second discusses real neural networks in several brain systems, and shows how it is becoming possible to construct theories about the way different parts of the brain work. This section also analyzes the various neuroscience and neurocomputation techniques that need to be combined to ensure further progress in understanding the mechanism of brain processes. The third section, a collection of appendices. introduces the formal quantitative approaches to many of the networks described. Neural Networks and Brain Function is an accessible, clear introduction for researchers and students in neuroscience and artificial intelligence to the fascinating problems of how the brain works and how behavior is determined.

Author : Carl Faingold,Hal Blumenfeld
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 537 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2013-12-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780124158641

Get Book

Neuronal Networks in Brain Function, CNS Disorders, and Therapeutics by Carl Faingold,Hal Blumenfeld Pdf

Neuronal Networks in Brain Function, CNS Disorders, and Therapeutics, edited by two leaders in the field, offers a current and complete review of what we know about neural networks. How the brain accomplishes many of its more complex tasks can only be understood via study of neuronal network control and network interactions. Large networks can undergo major functional changes, resulting in substantially different brain function and affecting everything from learning to the potential for epilepsy. With chapters authored by experts in each topic, this book advances the understanding of: How the brain carries out important tasks via networks How these networks interact in normal brain function Major mechanisms that control network function The interaction of the normal networks to produce more complex behaviors How brain disorders can result from abnormal interactions How therapy of disorders can be advanced through this network approach This book will benefit neuroscience researchers and graduate students with an interest in networks, as well as clinicians in neuroscience, pharmacology, and psychiatry dealing with neurobiological disorders. Utilizes perspectives and tools from various neuroscience subdisciplines (cellular, systems, physiologic), making the volume broadly relevant Chapters explore normal network function and control mechanisms, with an eye to improving therapies for brain disorders Reflects predominant disciplinary shift from an anatomical to a functional perspective of the brain Edited work with chapters authored by leaders in the field around the globe – the broadest, most expert coverage available

Author : Edmund T. Rolls,Alessandro Treves
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 418 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0198524323

Get Book

Neural Networks and Brain Function by Edmund T. Rolls,Alessandro Treves Pdf

The aim of this book is to describe the types of computation that can be performed by biologically plausible neural networks, and to show how these may be implemented in different systems in the brain. Neural Networks and Brain Function is structured in three sections, each of which addresses a different need in the market. The first section introduces and describes the operation of several fundamental types of neural network. The second section describes real neural networks in severalbrain systems, and shows how it is becoming possible to construct theories about how some parts of the brain work; it also provides an indication of the different neuroscience and neurocomputation techniques that will need to be combined to ensure further rapid progress in understanding how parts of the brain work. The third section, a collection of appendices, introduces the more formal quantitative approaches to many of the networks described. This is a clearly written and thoughtfully structured introduction to a fascinating and complex field of neuroscience. It will be a key text for researchers, graduate students and advanced undergraduates in the field, particularly for those without a background in computer science.

Author : D. J. Amit,Daniel J. Amit
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 528 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0521421241

Get Book

Modeling Brain Function by D. J. Amit,Daniel J. Amit Pdf

One of the most exciting and potentially rewarding areas of scientific research is the study of the principles and mechanisms underlying brain function. It is also of great promise to future generations of computers. A growing group of researchers, adapting knowledge and techniques from a wide range of scientific disciplines, have made substantial progress understanding memory, the learning process, and self organization by studying the properties of models of neural networks - idealized systems containing very large numbers of connected neurons, whose interactions give rise to the special qualities of the brain. This book introduces and explains the techniques brought from physics to the study of neural networks and the insights they have stimulated. It is written at a level accessible to the wide range of researchers working on these problems - statistical physicists, biologists, computer scientists, computer technologists and cognitive psychologists. The author presents a coherent and clear nonmechanical presentation of all the basic ideas and results. More technical aspects are restricted, wherever possible, to special sections and appendices in each chapter. The book is suitable as a text for graduate courses in physics, electrical engineering, computer science and biology.

Author : National Academy of Sciences,Institute of Medicine,Sandra Ackerman
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1992-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309045292

Get Book

Discovering the Brain by National Academy of Sciences,Institute of Medicine,Sandra Ackerman Pdf

The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."

Author : Peter Robin Hiesinger
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2022-12-13
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780691241692

Get Book

The Self-Assembling Brain by Peter Robin Hiesinger Pdf

"In this book, Peter Robin Hiesinger explores historical and contemporary attempts to understand the information needed to make biological and artificial neural networks. Developmental neurobiologists and computer scientists with an interest in artificial intelligence - driven by the promise and resources of biomedical research on the one hand, and by the promise and advances of computer technology on the other - are trying to understand the fundamental principles that guide the generation of an intelligent system. Yet, though researchers in these disciplines share a common interest, their perspectives and approaches are often quite different. The book makes the case that "the information problem" underlies both fields, driving the questions that are driving forward the frontiers, and aims to encourage cross-disciplinary communication and understanding, to help both fields make progress. The questions that challenge researchers in these fields include the following. How does genetic information unfold during the years-long process of human brain development, and can this be a short-cut to create human-level artificial intelligence? Is the biological brain just messy hardware that can be improved upon by running learning algorithms in computers? Can artificial intelligence bypass evolutionary programming of "grown" networks? These questions are tightly linked, and answering them requires an understanding of how information unfolds algorithmically to generate functional neural networks. Via a series of closely linked "discussions" (fictional dialogues between researchers in different disciplines) and pedagogical "seminars," the author explores the different challenges facing researchers working on neural networks, their different perspectives and approaches, as well as the common ground and understanding to be found amongst those sharing an interest in the development of biological brains and artificial intelligent systems"--

Author : Michael A. Arbib
Publisher : MIT Press (MA)
Page : 1118 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0262511029

Get Book

The Handbook of Brain Theory and Neural Networks by Michael A. Arbib Pdf

Choice Outstanding Academic Title, 1996. In hundreds of articles by experts from around the world, and in overviews and "road maps" prepared by the editor, The Handbook of Brain Theory and Neural Networks charts the immense progress made in recent years in many specific areas related to great questions: How does the brain work? How can we build intelligent machines? While many books discuss limited aspects of one subfield or another of brain theory and neural networks, the Handbook covers the entire sweep of topics—from detailed models of single neurons, analyses of a wide variety of biological neural networks, and connectionist studies of psychology and language, to mathematical analyses of a variety of abstract neural networks, and technological applications of adaptive, artificial neural networks. Expository material makes the book accessible to readers with varied backgrounds while still offering a clear view of the recent, specialized research on specific topics.

Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Integrating the Science of Early Childhood Development
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 610 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2000-11-13
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309069885

Get Book

From Neurons to Neighborhoods by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Integrating the Science of Early Childhood Development Pdf

How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.

Author : Konstantin V. Baev
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461241003

Get Book

Biological Neural Networks: Hierarchical Concept of Brain Function by Konstantin V. Baev Pdf

This book is devoted to a novel conceptual theoretical framework of neuro science and is an attempt to show that we can postulate a very small number of assumptions and utilize their heuristics to explain a very large spectrum of brain phenomena. The major assumption made in this book is that inborn and acquired neural automatisms are generated according to the same func tional principles. Accordingly, the principles that have been revealed experi mentally to govern inborn motor automatisms, such as locomotion and scratching, are used to elucidate the nature of acquired or learned automat isms. This approach allowed me to apply the language of control theory to describe functions of biological neural networks. You, the reader, can judge the logic of the conclusions regarding brain phenomena that the book derives from these assumptions. If you find the argument flawless, one can call it common sense and consider that to be the best praise for a chain of logical conclusions. For the sake of clarity, I have attempted to make this monograph as readable as possible. Special attention has been given to describing some of the concepts of optimal control theory in such a way that it will be under standable to a biologist or physician. I have also included plenty of illustra tive examples and references designed to demonstrate the appropriateness and applicability of these conceptual theoretical notions for the neurosciences.

Author : Olaf Sporns
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 433 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2016-02-12
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780262528986

Get Book

Networks of the Brain by Olaf Sporns Pdf

An integrative overview of network approaches to neuroscience explores the origins of brain complexity and the link between brain structure and function. Over the last decade, the study of complex networks has expanded across diverse scientific fields. Increasingly, science is concerned with the structure, behavior, and evolution of complex systems ranging from cells to ecosystems. In Networks of the Brain, Olaf Sporns describes how the integrative nature of brain function can be illuminated from a complex network perspective. Highlighting the many emerging points of contact between neuroscience and network science, the book serves to introduce network theory to neuroscientists and neuroscience to those working on theoretical network models. Sporns emphasizes how networks connect levels of organization in the brain and how they link structure to function, offering an informal and nonmathematical treatment of the subject. Networks of the Brain provides a synthesis of the sciences of complex networks and the brain that will be an essential foundation for future research.

Author : National Research Council,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Future Directions for Cognitive Research on Aging
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2000-04-18
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309172196

Get Book

The Aging Mind by National Research Council,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Future Directions for Cognitive Research on Aging Pdf

Possible new breakthroughs in understanding the aging mind that can be used to benefit older people are now emerging from research. This volume identifies the key scientific advances and the opportunities they bring. For example, science has learned that among older adults who do not suffer from Alzheimer's disease or other dementias, cognitive decline may depend less on loss of brain cells than on changes in the health of neurons and neural networks. Research on the processes that maintain neural health shows promise of revealing new ways to promote cognitive functioning in older people. Research is also showing how cognitive functioning depends on the conjunction of biology and culture. The ways older people adapt to changes in their nervous systems, and perhaps the changes themselves, are shaped by past life experiences, present living situations, changing motives, cultural expectations, and emerging technology, as well as by their physical health status and sensory-motor capabilities. Improved understanding of how physical and contextual factors interact can help explain why some cognitive functions are impaired in aging while others are spared and why cognitive capability is impaired in some older adults and spared in others. On the basis of these exciting findings, the report makes specific recommends that the U.S. government support three major new initiatives as the next steps for research.

Author : Michael A. Arbib
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 1328 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Neural circuitry
ISBN : 9780262011976

Get Book

The Handbook of Brain Theory and Neural Networks by Michael A. Arbib Pdf

This second edition presents the enormous progress made in recent years in the many subfields related to the two great questions : how does the brain work? and, How can we build intelligent machines? This second edition greatly increases the coverage of models of fundamental neurobiology, cognitive neuroscience, and neural network approaches to language. (Midwest).

Author : A. Ravishankar Rao,Guillermo A. Cecchi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2011-09-18
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461407249

Get Book

The Relevance of the Time Domain to Neural Network Models by A. Ravishankar Rao,Guillermo A. Cecchi Pdf

A significant amount of effort in neural modeling is directed towards understanding the representation of information in various parts of the brain, such as cortical maps [6], and the paths along which sensory information is processed. Though the time domain is integral an integral aspect of the functioning of biological systems, it has proven very challenging to incorporate the time domain effectively in neural network models. A promising path that is being explored is to study the importance of synchronization in biological systems. Synchronization plays a critical role in the interactions between neurons in the brain, giving rise to perceptual phenomena, and explaining multiple effects such as visual contour integration, and the separation of superposed inputs. The purpose of this book is to provide a unified view of how the time domain can be effectively employed in neural network models. A first direction to consider is to deploy oscillators that model temporal firing patterns of a neuron or a group of neurons. There is a growing body of research on the use of oscillatory neural networks, and their ability to synchronize under the right conditions. Such networks of synchronizing elements have been shown to be effective in image processing and segmentation tasks, and also in solving the binding problem, which is of great significance in the field of neuroscience. The oscillatory neural models can be employed at multiple scales of abstraction, ranging from individual neurons, to groups of neurons using Wilson-Cowan modeling techniques and eventually to the behavior of entire brain regions as revealed in oscillations observed in EEG recordings. A second interesting direction to consider is to understand the effect of different neural network topologies on their ability to create the desired synchronization. A third direction of interest is the extraction of temporal signaling patterns from brain imaging data such as EEG and fMRI. Hence this Special Session is of emerging interest in the brain sciences, as imaging techniques are able to resolve sufficient temporal detail to provide an insight into how the time domain is deployed in cognitive function. The following broad topics will be covered in the book: Synchronization, phase-locking behavior, image processing, image segmentation, temporal pattern analysis, EEG analysis, fMRI analyis, network topology and synchronizability, cortical interactions involving synchronization, and oscillatory neural networks. This book will benefit readers interested in the topics of computational neuroscience, applying neural network models to understand brain function, extracting temporal information from brain imaging data, and emerging techniques for image segmentation using oscillatory networks

Author : Konstantin Vasilʹevich Baev
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Neural networks (Neurobiology)
ISBN : 3764338598

Get Book

Biological Neural Networks by Konstantin Vasilʹevich Baev Pdf

Author : Robert Kozma,Cesare Alippi,Yoonsuck Choe,Francesco Carlo Morabito
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 398 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2023-10-27
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780323958165

Get Book

Artificial Intelligence in the Age of Neural Networks and Brain Computing by Robert Kozma,Cesare Alippi,Yoonsuck Choe,Francesco Carlo Morabito Pdf

Artificial Intelligence in the Age of Neural Networks and Brain Computing, Second Edition demonstrates that present disruptive implications and applications of AI is a development of the unique attributes of neural networks, mainly machine learning, distributed architectures, massive parallel processing, black-box inference, intrinsic nonlinearity, and smart autonomous search engines. The book covers the major basic ideas of "brain-like computing" behind AI, provides a framework to deep learning, and launches novel and intriguing paradigms as possible future alternatives. The present success of AI-based commercial products proposed by top industry leaders, such as Google, IBM, Microsoft, Intel, and Amazon, can be interpreted using the perspective presented in this book by viewing the co-existence of a successful synergism among what is referred to as computational intelligence, natural intelligence, brain computing, and neural engineering. The new edition has been updated to include major new advances in the field, including many new chapters. Developed from the 30th anniversary of the International Neural Network Society (INNS) and the 2017 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN Authored by top experts, global field pioneers, and researchers working on cutting-edge applications in signal processing, speech recognition, games, adaptive control and decision-making Edited by high-level academics and researchers in intelligent systems and neural networks Includes all new chapters, including topics such as Frontiers in Recurrent Neural Network Research; Big Science, Team Science, Open Science for Neuroscience; A Model-Based Approach for Bridging Scales of Cortical Activity; A Cognitive Architecture for Object Recognition in Video; How Brain Architecture Leads to Abstract Thought; Deep Learning-Based Speech Separation and Advances in AI, Neural Networks