Neurocognitive Mechanisms Of Attention

Author : Golnaz Baghdadi,Farzad Towhidkhah,Mojdeh Rajabi
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 444 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2021-03-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780323909365

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Neurocognitive Mechanisms of Attention by Golnaz Baghdadi,Farzad Towhidkhah,Mojdeh Rajabi Pdf

Neurocognitive Mechanisms of Attention: Computational Models, Physiology, and Disease States describes the brain mechanisms underlying the attention control system, how those mechanisms are examined, how they operate in different disease states, and methods for improving them. Conceptual models of attention further explore their functional operation. Coverage includes the different types of attention, processing paths, brain anatomy, and attention’s role in memory and movement. Factors affecting attention are explored including nutrition, exercise, and genetics. Neurocognitive disorders impacting attention are discussed including autism, ADHD, OCD, depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease. Assessment methods and treatments are uniquely set against the backdrop of current conceptual, computational, and oscillatory-based models to encourage researchers to pursue continued development of new diagnostic and therapeutic tools. Examines brain mechanisms underlying different types of attention Explores how nutrition, exercise, genetics and more impact attention Identifies impact on attention of neurocognitive diseases and disorders Includes therapeutic advances to improve attention Provides computational models via companion website

Author : Joseph B. Hopfinger,Scott Slotnick
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 293 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2020-12-17
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781000204858

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The Cognitive Neuroscience of Attention by Joseph B. Hopfinger,Scott Slotnick Pdf

Attention refers to our ability to selectively process the vast array of stimuli impinging upon our senses at every moment. The mental processes of attention are critical for allowing us to maintain focus and complete tasks efficiently, even within distracting environments. The brain mechanisms of attention have been studied for decades, yet much still remains unknown, and consensus on core issues remains elusive. A unique aspect of this book are chapters that highlight recent debates on critical issues in attention research. Each of these chapters includes a comprehensive discussion paper that is followed by peer commentaries and an authors' responses. These debates include whether attention can modulate activity of even the earliest cortical processing region and whether changes in white matter are critical for plasticity-related effects of attention training. In addition to these discussion chapters, the book presents cutting-edge research on some of the newest theories of attentional control and selective attention, including the influence of practice, epigenetics, reward, social interaction, and distractor suppression. These studies employ advanced cognitive neuroscience methods such as neurostimulation, functional neuroimaging pattern analysis, and the evaluation of oscillatory brain activity to shed light on the brain mechanisms underlying attention. The chapters in this book were originally published as articles in various issues of the journal Cognitive Neuroscience.

Author : Michael I. Posner
Publisher : Guilford Press
Page : 529 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2012-01-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781609189853

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Cognitive Neuroscience of Attention by Michael I. Posner Pdf

This authoritative reference provides a comprehensive examination of the nature and functions of attention and its relationship to broader cognitive processes. The editor and contributors are leading experts who review the breadth of current knowledge, including behavioral, neuroimaging, cellular, and genetic studies, as well as developmental and clinical research. Chapters are brief yet substantive, offering clear presentations of cutting-edge concepts, methods, and findings. The book addresses the role of attention deficits in psychological disorders and normal aging and considers the implications for intervention and prevention. It includes 85 illustrations. New to This Edition *Significant updates and many new chapters reflecting major advances in the field. *Important breakthroughs in neuroimaging and cognitive modeling. *Chapters on the development of emotion regulation and temperament. *Expanded section on disorders, including up-to-date coverage of ADHD as well as chapters on psychopathy and autism. *Chapters on cognitive training and rehabilitation.

Author : Pierre Jolicoeur,Christine Lefebvre,Julio Martinez-Trujillo
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2015-04-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128016794

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Mechanisms of Sensory Working Memory by Pierre Jolicoeur,Christine Lefebvre,Julio Martinez-Trujillo Pdf

Mechanisms of Sensory Working Memory: Attention and Performance XXV provides an update on the research surrounding the memory processes that are crucial for many facets of cognitive processing and experience, with new coverage of emerging areas of study, including a new understanding of working memory for features of stimuli devoid of verbal, phonological, or long-term memory content, such as memory for simple visual features (e.g., texture or color), simple auditory features (e.g., pitch), or simple tactile features (e.g., vibration frequency), now called sensory memory to distinguish from verbal memory. This contemporary focus on sensory memory is just beginning, and this collection of original contributions provides a foundational reference for the study mechanisms of sensory memory. Students, scholars, and researchers studying memory mechanisms and processes in cognitive neuroscience, cognitive science, neuroscience, and psychology will find this text of great value to their work. Introduces the study of sensory mechanisms of working memory as distinct from verbal memory Covers visual memory, auditory memory, and tactile memory Includes translational content as the breakdown of working memory is often associated with a disease, disorder, or trauma to the brain

Author : Richard D. Wright,Lawrence M. Ward
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2008-04-16
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780190284848

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Orienting of Attention by Richard D. Wright,Lawrence M. Ward Pdf

This book is a succinct introduction to the orienting of attention. Richard Wright and Lawrence Ward describe the covert orienting literature clearly and concisely, illustrating it with numerous high-quality images, specifically designed to make the challenging theoretical concepts very accessible. The book begins with an historical introduction that provides a great deal of information about orienting, much of which will be new even to seasoned researchers. Wright and Ward then systematically describe the development of various experimental paradigms that have been devised to study covert orienting, and the theoretical issues raised by this research. One trend that they analyze in detail is the progression from relatively simple models of spatial attention (attention spotlight and zoom lens models) to an integrative computational framework based on a concept called the "activity distribution." They also present a comprehensive survey of cognitive neuroscience research on the brain mechanisms underlying spatial attention shifts, as well as a chapter summarizing recent research on crossmodal attention shifts, and elucidating the links between attention orienting in the visual, auditory, and tactile domains. In the Epilogue they offer a concise summary of the book, and develop preliminary frameworks for understanding the relationship between spatial attention and orienting in response to social cues (social cognitive neuroscience) and for describing the evolution of covert orienting. Orienting of Attention provides a systematic survey that is ideal for those looking for an accessible introduction to the field and also for students and researchers who want a state-of the-art overview.

Author : Werner X. Schneider,Sabine Maasen
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0863779816

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Mechanisms of Visual Attention by Werner X. Schneider,Sabine Maasen Pdf

In order to produce coherent behaviour in a complex world, forms of visual attention are necessary in order for us to select appropriate objects for action. Over the past ten years, there have been considerable advances in research into visual attention, with many of these advances linked to interdisciplinary research in experimental psychology, neuropsychology, neurophysiology and functional imaging. This work has begun to allow us to understand not only the functional properties of visual attention, but also how attentional processes are localized in the brain: the cognitive neuroscience of visual attention. This special issue draws together research from leading figures in this field, to highlight recent progress in understanding how selective processes operate in perception and action.

Author : George R. Mangun
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 293 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2012-02-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780195334364

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The Neuroscience of Attention: The Neuroscience of Attention by George R. Mangun Pdf

This book will provide the reader with a solid overview of the mechanisms and models in the neuroscience of attentional control and selection from leading authorities working in humans and animals, and incorporating a array of neuroscience methods from single neuron recordings to functional brain imaging.

Author : Francisco Aboitiz,Diego Cosmelli
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 335 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2008-11-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783540705734

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From Attention to Goal-Directed Behavior by Francisco Aboitiz,Diego Cosmelli Pdf

Attention is a key psychological construct in the understanding of human cognition, and the target of enormous efforts to elucidate its physiological mechanisms, as the wealth of literature—both primary and secondary—attests (for recent compilations see Itti, Rees, & Tsotsos, 2005; Paletta & Rome, 2008; Posner, 2004). But in addition to asking what attention actually is, decomposing and analyzing its varieties, or delimiting its neurobiological mechanisms and effects, in this volume we want to explore attention somewhat differently. We believe that a full-fledged theory of attention must consider its workings in the context of motivated, goal-directed, and environmentally constrained organisms. That attention is related to goal-directed behavior is not news. What the contri- tions to this volume do suggest, however, is the existence of fundamental links between attention and two key processes that are crucial for adapted conduct: go- directed behavior and cognitive control. Importantly, they show that these relations can be explored at multiple levels, including neurodynamical, neurochemical, evo- tionary, and clinical aspects, and that in doing so multiple methodological challenges arise that are worth considering and pursuing. The reader will find here, therefore, a selection of contributions that range from basic mechanisms of attention at the n- ronal level to developmental aspects of cognitive control and its impairments. Another trend that will become evident is that, in different ways, the authors stress the need to understand these issues as they unfold in natural behavior (both healthy and pathological), thus arguing for a more ecological approach to these questions.

Author : Gualtiero Piccinini
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 413 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2020-10-08
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780198866282

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Neurocognitive Mechanisms by Gualtiero Piccinini Pdf

Gualtiero Piccinini presents a systematic and rigorous philosophical defence of the computational theory of cognition. His view posits that cognition involves neural computation within multilevel neurocognitive mechanisms, and includes novel ideas about ontology, functions, neural representation, neural computation, and consciousness.

Author : George R. Mangun
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2013-08-31
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780123984968

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Cognitive Electrophysiology of Attention by George R. Mangun Pdf

Cognitive Electrophysiology of Attention explores the fundamental mechanisms of attention and related cognitive functions from cognitive neuroscience perspectives. Attention is an essential cognitive ability that enables humans to process and act upon relevant information while ignoring distracting information, and the capacity to focus attention is at the core of mental functioning. Understanding the neural bases of human attention remains a key challenge for neuroscientists and psychologists, and is essential for translational efforts to treat attentional deficits in a variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Cognitive electrophysiology is at the center of a multidisciplinary approach that involves the efforts of psychologists, neuroscientists, neuropsychologists, psychiatrists, and neurologists to identify basic brain mechanisms and develop translational approaches to improve mental health. This edited volume is authored by leading investigators in the field and discusses methods focused on electrophysiological recordings in humans, including electroencephalography (EEG) and event-related potential (ERP) methods, and also incorporates evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Cognitive Electrophysiology of Attention illuminates specific models about attentional mechanisms in vision, audition, multisensory integration, memory, and semantic processing in humans. Provides an exhaustive overview of attention processes, going from normal functioning to the pathological, and using a combination of methodological tools An important reference for electrophysiology researchers looking at underlying attention processes rather than the methods themselves Enables researchers across a broad range of cognitive-process and methodological specialties to stay current on particular hypotheses, findings, and methods Edited and authored by the worldwide leaders in the field, affording the broadest, most expert coverage available

Author : Stephen Monsell,Jon Driver
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 810 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0262133679

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Control of Cognitive Processes by Stephen Monsell,Jon Driver Pdf

The thirty-two contributions discuss evidence from psychological experiments with healthy and brain-damaged subjects, functional imaging, electrophysiology, and computational modeling.

Author : Chaoxiong Ye,Qiang Liu,Qianru Xu
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 177 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2023-08-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832531976

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Cognitive mechanisms of visual attention, working memory, emotion, and their interactions by Chaoxiong Ye,Qiang Liu,Qianru Xu Pdf

Author : Kia Nobre,Sabine Kastner
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 1260 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780198824671

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The Oxford Handbook of Attention by Kia Nobre,Sabine Kastner Pdf

During the last three decades, there have been enormous advances in our understanding of the neural mechanisms of selective attention at the network as well as the cellular level. The Oxford Handbook of Attention brings together the different research areas that constitute contemporary attention research into one comprehensive and authoritative volume. In 40 chapters, it covers the most important aspects of attention research from the areas of cognitive psychology, neuropsychology, human and animal neuroscience, computational modelling, and philosophy. The book is divided into 4 main sections. Following an introduction from Michael Posner, the books starts by looking at theoretical models of attention. The next two sections are dedicated to spatial attention and non-spatial attention respectively. Within section 4, the authors consider the interactions between attention and other psychological domains. The last two sections focus on attention-related disorders, and finally, on computational models of attention. Aimed at both scholars and students, the Oxford Handbook of Attention provides a concise and state-of-the-art review of the current literature in this field.

Author : John E. Richards
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 521 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1998-04-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781135688745

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Cognitive Neuroscience of Attention by John E. Richards Pdf

This volume describes research and theory concerning the cognitive neuroscience of attention. Filling a key gap, it emphasizes developmental changes that occur in the brain-attention relationship in infants, children, and throughout the lifespan and reviews the literature on attention, development, and underlying neural systems in a comprehensive manner. Special features include: * a new model of the neural control of eye movements; * a developmental perspective on the burgeoning literature on the cognitive neuroscience of attention; * the integration of ideas, research, and theories across chapters within each section via summary and commentary essays; and * a summary of the most recent work in the developmental cognitive neuroscience of attention by several of the leading researchers in this field.

Author : David LaBerge
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Attention
ISBN : 0674052684

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Attentional Processing by David LaBerge Pdf

LaBerge explores how we are able to restrict the input of extraneous and confusing information, or prepare to process a future stimulus, in order to take effective action. As well as describing the pathways in the cortex presumed to be involved in attentional processing, he examines the hypothesis that two subcortical structures, the superior colliculus and the thalamus, contain circuit mechanisms that embody an algorithm of attention. In addition, he takes us through various ways of posing the problem, from an information-processing description of how attention works to a consideration of some of the cognitive and behavioral consequences of the brain's computations, such as desiring, judging, imaging, and remembering.