Neuroglia In Neurodegenerative Diseases

Author : Alekseĭ Nestorovich Verkhratskiĭ,Margaret S. Ho,Robert Zorec,Vladimir Parpura
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 405 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Electronic books
ISBN : 981139914X

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Neuroglia in Neurodegenerative Diseases by Alekseĭ Nestorovich Verkhratskiĭ,Margaret S. Ho,Robert Zorec,Vladimir Parpura Pdf

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the role of neuroglia in neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroglia are the most abundant cells in the nervous system and consist of several distinct cell types, such as astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia. Accumulating evidence suggests that neuroglia participate in the neurodegenerative process, and as such are essential players in a variety of diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's. Intended for researchers and students, the book presents recent advances concerning the biology of neuroglia as well as their interaction with neurons during disease progression. In addition, to highlight the function of neuroglia in different types of neurodegenerative disease, it also discusses their mechanisms and effects on protecting or damaging neurons.

Author : Jean de Vellis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 513 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2001-11-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781592591053

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Neuroglia in the Aging Brain by Jean de Vellis Pdf

A distinguished panel of internationally recognized neuroscientists comprehensively review the involvement of and changes in glial cells both during the normal aging process and in the major disorders of old age. Topics range from the cellular and molecular changes that occur with aging-especially aging-associated activation of astrocytes and microglia and its relation to neuronal injury and repair-to neuron-glia intercommunication. The contributors show how glial signals may be modulated by hormones, growth factors, neurotransmitters, intracellular metabolism, and intercellular exchanges, as well as by aging of the blood-brain barrier.

Author : Alexei Verkhratsky,Margaret S. Ho,Robert Zorec,Vladimir Parpura
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 405 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2019-10-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789811399138

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Neuroglia in Neurodegenerative Diseases by Alexei Verkhratsky,Margaret S. Ho,Robert Zorec,Vladimir Parpura Pdf

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the role of neuroglia in neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroglia are the most abundant cells in the nervous system and consist of several distinct cell types, such as astrocytes, oligodendrocytes,and microglia. Accumulating evidence suggests that neuroglia participate in the neurodegenerative process, and as such are essential players in a variety of diseases, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s. Intended for researchers and students, the book presents recent advances concerning the biology of neuroglia as well as their interaction with neurons during disease progression. In addition, to highlight the function of neuroglia in different types of neurodegenerative disease, it also discusses their mechanisms and effects on protecting or damaging neurons.

Author : Andras Lakatos,Gabor Petzold
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 88 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2021-12-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782889718405

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Primary Glial and Immune Cell Pathology in Neurodegenerative Diseases by Andras Lakatos,Gabor Petzold Pdf

Author : Tania Spohr
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2020-05-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781789852530

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Glia in Health and Disease by Tania Spohr Pdf

The book will highlight the role played by glial cells in the central and peripheral nervous systems in both healthy and unhealthy individuals. Among all processes involved, we will discuss the importance of the enteric nervous system in the control of gut homeostasis, in the interaction with the immune system, and its participation in pathological conditions such as metabolic syndrome. We will also look at the relevance of astrocytes during synaptic transmission and the regulation of plasticity by releasing gliotransmitters. Ultimately, we will highlight the influence of astrocytes during the development of a number of neurodegenerative diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease, focusing on how the serum levels of the astrocytic protein S100B can be used as a biomarker for clinical decisions.

Author : Carlos Barcia,Gilles J. Guillemin,James F. Curtin,Jeffrey M. Zirger
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2016-05-30
Category : Electronic book
ISBN : 9782889198351

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Glial Cells: Managers of Neuro-immunity by Carlos Barcia,Gilles J. Guillemin,James F. Curtin,Jeffrey M. Zirger Pdf

Immune responses within the brain are still scarcely explored. Nerve tissue damage is accompanied by the activation of glial cells, primarily microglia and astroglia, and such activation is responsible for the release of cytokines and chemokines that maintain the local inflammatory response and actively recruit lymphocytes and monocytes to the damaged areas. Theoretically, these responses are designed to repair the brain damage. However, alterations, or a chronic perpetuation of these responses may underlie a number of neuro-pathologies. It is thought that each inflammatory scenario within the brain have a specific biochemical footprint characterized by the release of determined cytokines, chemokines and growing factors able to define particular immunological responses. Alongside, glial cells transform their cell body, become larger and develop higher number of branches adopting an active morphological phenotype. These changes are related with the search of interactions with other cells, such as bystander resident cells of the brain parenchyma, but also cells homing from the blood stream. In this process, microglia and astrocytes communicates with other cells by the formation of specific intercellular connections that are still poorly understood. These interactions are complex and entail the arrangement of cytoskeletal compounds, secretory and phagocytic domains. In this particular crosstalk there is a two-way communication in which glial cells and target cells come together establishing interfaces with specific information exchange. This way, glial cells orchestrate the particular response recruiting cellular subsets within the central nervous system and organizing the resolution of the brain damage. In this Frontiers Research Topic, we compile a selection of articles unfolding diverse aspects of glial-derived inflammation, focused on neurodegenerative diseases and other nervous system disorders, with special emphasis on microglia/macrophages as leading actors managing neuro-immunity.

Author : Alexei Verkhratsky,Vladimir Parpura,Jose Julio Rodriguez Arellano,Milos Pekny
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0128014954

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Neuroglia in Alzheimer's Disease by Alexei Verkhratsky,Vladimir Parpura,Jose Julio Rodriguez Arellano,Milos Pekny Pdf

In Neuroglia in Alzheimer's Disease, the authors provide a broad overview of glial physiology and pathophysiology, outline glial contribution to neurodegeneration and concentrate on the role of different classes of neuroglial cells in the progression and outcome of Alzheimer's disease. The authors discuss the critical vie of AD and argue for glial cells as new targets for therapy of neurodegenerative disorders. This book is valuable researchers, clinicians, postdocs, and graduate students in the fields of neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry. . The first comprehensive overview of the contribution of various types of glia into Alzheimer's Disease. . Provides a new concept of gliopathology that can influence understanding of the disease and the development of new therapeutic strategies . Written by an international team of leading researchers in the field of neuroglia

Author : Marie-Ève Tremblay,Amanda Sierra
Publisher : Springer
Page : 486 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2014-09-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781493914296

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Microglia in Health and Disease by Marie-Ève Tremblay,Amanda Sierra Pdf

These past few years have witnessed a revolution in our understanding of microglia, especially since their roles in the healthy central nervous system (CNS) have started to unravel. These cells were shown to actively maintain health, in concert with neurons and other types of CNS cells, providing further insight into their involvement with diseases. Edited by two pioneers in the field, Marie-Ève Tremblay and Amanda Sierra, Microglia in health and disease aims to share with the broader scientific community some of the recent discoveries in microglia research, from a broad perspective, with a collection of 19 chapters from 52 specialists working in 11 countries across 5 continents. To set microglia on the stage, the book begins by explaining briefly who they are, what they do in the healthy and diseased CNS, and how they can be studied. The first section describes in more details their physiological roles in the maturation, function, and plasticity of the CNS, across development, adolescence, adulthood, neuropathic pain, addiction, and aging. The second section focuses on their implication in pathological conditions impairing the quality of life: neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders, AIDS, and multiple sclerosis; and in leading causes of death: ischemia and stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, as well as trauma and injury.

Author : M. A. Yenari,Rona Greenberg Giffard
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Medical
ISBN : UVA:X030116408

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Glia and Inflammation in Neurodegenerative Disease by M. A. Yenari,Rona Greenberg Giffard Pdf

The brain has long been considered an immune privileged organ, meaning that inflammatory cells are excluded due to a relatively impenetrable blood brain barrier (BBB). However, this is not to say that the central nervous system is incapable of eliciting immune responses, as resident inflammatory cells exist within the brain parenchyma. Microglia have long been thought to be the brain's resident immune cell with myeloid lineage similar to monocytes and macrophages. In this volume, the authors review the current state of knowledge with regard to immune responses and cell-cell interactions as they pertain to a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. The changing role of inflammation with development is considered. They also present a summary of the various therapeutic strategies employed both in the laboratory and at the clinical level.

Author : Vladimir Parpura,Alexei Verkhratsky
Publisher : Springer
Page : 541 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2014-09-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781493909742

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Pathological Potential of Neuroglia by Vladimir Parpura,Alexei Verkhratsky Pdf

Pathophysiological states, neurological and psychiatric diseases are almost universally considered from the neurocentric point of view, with neurons being the principal cellular element of pathological process. The brain homeostasis, which lies at the fulcrum of healthy brain function, the compromise of which invariably results in dysfunction/disease, however, is entirely controlled by neuroglia. It is becoming clear that neuroglial cells are involved in various aspects of initiation, progression and resolution of neuropathology. In this book we aim to integrate the body of information that has accumulated in recent years revealing the active role of glia in such pathophysiological processes. Understanding roles of glial cells in pathology will provide new targets for medical intervention and aide the development of much needed therapeutics. This book will be particularly useful for researchers, students, physicians and psychotherapists working in the field of neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry.

Author : Rommy von Bernhardi
Publisher : Springer
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2016-10-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319407647

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Glial Cells in Health and Disease of the CNS by Rommy von Bernhardi Pdf

A timely overview covering the three major types of glial cells in the central nervous system - astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes. New findings on glia biology are overturning a century of conventional thinking about how the brain operates and are expanding our knowledge about information processing in the brain. The book will present recent research findings on the role of glial cells in both healthy function and disease. It will comprehensively cover a broad spectrum of topics while remaining compact in size.

Author : Caterina Scuderi,Mami Noda,Alexei Verkhratsky
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2019-01-21
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889456987

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Neuroglia Molecular Mechanisms in Psychiatric Disorders by Caterina Scuderi,Mami Noda,Alexei Verkhratsky Pdf

Neuropsychiatric disorders have long been considered as specific dysfunctions of neuronal functions. Studies of the recent decade, however, have challenged this simplistic view, highlighting the important role played by neuroglial cells in the onset and/or progression of neuropsychiatric diseases. In the central nervous system (CNS) non-excitable neuroglia are represented by cells of ectodermal origin (astrocytes, mainly responsible for CNS homeostasis and oligodendrocytes that provide myelination and support for axons) and mesodermal origin (microglial cells that are scions of foetal macrophages entering the neural tube early in development; these cells provide for CNS defence and contribute to shaping neuronal networks). Pathological changes of neuroglia are complex; these changes are classified into reactive gliosis (astrogliosis, activation of microglia and hypertrophy of oligodendroglial precursors), gliodegeneration with loss of function and glial pathological remodelling. Combination of these processes defines the evolution of neurological diseases in general and neuropsychiatric disorders in particular. In this research topic we addressed the contribution of neuroglia to major neuropsychiatric pathologies including major depression, schizophrenia, and addictive disorders.

Author : Gonzalo Emiliano Aranda Abreu,María Elena Hernández Aguilar
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 130 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2019-02-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781789851236

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Neurons by Gonzalo Emiliano Aranda Abreu,María Elena Hernández Aguilar Pdf

The brain is the most complex structure that exists in the universe, consisting of neurons whose function is to receive information through dendrites and transmit information through the axon. In neurosciences one of the main problems that exists are neurodegenerative diseases for which until now there has been no cure. This book is mainly focused on updating the information on the signaling process carried out in the development of axons. Topics such as axon guidance and its interaction with the extracellular matrix are discussed. Other important topics are semaphorins and their relationship with neurodegenerative diseases, and the neurobiology of the gap junction in the dorsal root ganglion. Finally, the topic of bioelectrical interfaces destined to regenerate damaged nerves is covered. The information in this book will be very important both for researchers who work with these issues and doctoral students who are involved in neuroscience.

Author : Bruce R. Ransom
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 700 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2012-11-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199794737

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Neuroglia by Bruce R. Ransom Pdf

Neuroglia, the third edition, is the long-awaited revision of the most highly regarded reference volume on glial cells. This indispensable edition has been completely revised, greatly enlarged, and enhanced with four-color figures throughout, all in response to the tremendous amount of new information that has accumulated since the previous edition seven years ago. Glial cells are, without doubt, the new stars in the neuroscience and neurology communities. Neglected in research for years, it is now evident that the brain only functions in a concerted action of all the cells, namely glia and neurons. Seventy one chapters comprehensively discuss virtually every aspect of normal glial cell anatomy, physiology, biochemistry and function, and consider the central roles of these cells in neurological diseases including stroke, Alzheimer disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, neuropathy, and psychiatric conditions. More than 20 new chapters have been added to accommodate the unprecedented growth of knowledge about the basic biology of glia and the sophisticated manner in which they partner with neurons in the course of normal brain function. Lavishly illustrated and meticulously edited, the third edition remains the most convenient and maximally useful reference available. This new edition is an essential reference for both newcomers to the field as well as established investigators. Neuroglia belongs on every neuroscientist's bookshelf and will be a great asset for educators and neurological clinicians as well.

Author : Ishan Patro,Pankaj Seth,Nisha Patro,Prakash Narain Tandon
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 763 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2022-04-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789811683138

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The Biology of Glial Cells: Recent Advances by Ishan Patro,Pankaj Seth,Nisha Patro,Prakash Narain Tandon Pdf

This book reviews the role of glial cells (astrocytes, microglia, oligodendroglia, satellite cells, and Schwann cells) in neuronal health and diseases. It discusses the latest advances in understanding their origin, differentiation, and hemostasis. The book also examines the role of microglial cells in central nervous system (CNS) development, maintenance, and synaptic plasticity. Further, the book presents the functions of astrocytes in healthy CNS and their critical role in CNS disorders, including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Notably, the book describes the pathobiology, molecular pathogenesis, stem cells, and imaging characteristics of gliomas. It defines the role of glial cells in regulating iron homeostasis and their effect on the neurodegeneration of neurons. Lastly, it covers the structure, function, and pathology of oligodendrocytes and their role in neuronal health and disease. ​