Nutrition Microbiota And Noncommunicable Diseases

Author : Julio Plaza-Díaz
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2021-01-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783039369164

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Nutrition, Microbiota and Noncommunicable Diseases by Julio Plaza-Díaz Pdf

Health is defined as “the state of the organism when it functions optimally without evidence of disease”. Surprisingly, the words “microbes” or “microorganism” are missing in this definition. The regulation of gut microbiota is mediated by an enormous quantity of aspects, such as microbiological factors, host characteristics, diet patterns, and environmental variables. Some protective, structural, and metabolic functions have been reported for gut microbiota, and these functions are related to the regulation of homeostasis and host health. Host defense against pathogens is, in part, mediated through gut microbiota action and requires intimate interpretation of the current microenvironment and discrimination between commensal and occasional bacteria. The present Special Issue provides a summary of the progress on the topic of intestinal microbiota and its important role in human health in different populations. This Special Issue will be of great interest from a clinical and public health perspective. Nevertheless, more studies with more samples and comparable methods are necessary to understand the actual function of intestinal microbiota in disease development and health maintenance.

Author : Julio Plaza-Díaz
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3039369172

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Nutrition, Microbiota and Noncommunicable Diseases by Julio Plaza-Díaz Pdf

Health is defined as “the state of the organism when it functions optimally without evidence of disease”. Surprisingly, the words “microbes” or “microorganism” are missing in this definition. The regulation of gut microbiota is mediated by an enormous quantity of aspects, such as microbiological factors, host characteristics, diet patterns, and environmental variables. Some protective, structural, and metabolic functions have been reported for gut microbiota, and these functions are related to the regulation of homeostasis and host health. Host defense against pathogens is, in part, mediated through gut microbiota action and requires intimate interpretation of the current microenvironment and discrimination between commensal and occasional bacteria. The present Special Issue provides a summary of the progress on the topic of intestinal microbiota and its important role in human health in different populations. This Special Issue will be of great interest from a clinical and public health perspective. Nevertheless, more studies with more samples and comparable methods are necessary to understand the actual function of intestinal microbiota in disease development and health maintenance.

Author : Sunil Kochhar,François-Pierre Martin
Publisher : Springer
Page : 375 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2014-10-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781447165392

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Metabonomics and Gut Microbiota in Nutrition and Disease by Sunil Kochhar,François-Pierre Martin Pdf

This book provides a comprehensive overview of metabonomics and gut microbiota research from molecular analysis to population-based global health considerations. The topics include the discussion of the applications in relation to metabonomics and gut microbiota in nutritional research, in health and disease and a review of future therapeutical, nutraceutical and clinical applications. It also examines the translatability of systems biology approaches into applied clinical research and to patient health and nutrition. The rise in multifactorial disorders, the lack of understanding of the molecular processes at play and the needs for disease prediction in asymptomatic conditions are some of the many questions that system biology approaches are well suited to address. Achieving this goal lies in our ability to model and understand the complex web of interactions between genetics, metabolism, environmental factors and gut microbiota. Being the most densely populated microbial ecosystem on earth, gut microbiota co-evolved as a key component of human biology, essentially extending the physiological definition of humans. Major advances in microbiome research have shown that the contribution of the intestinal microbiota to the overall health status of the host has been so far underestimated. Human host gut microbial interaction is one of the most significant human health considerations of the present day with relevance for both prevention of disease via microbiota-oriented environmental protection as well as strategies for new therapeutic approaches using microbiota as targets and/or biomarkers. In many aspects, humans are not a complete and fully healthy organism without their appropriate microbiological components. Increasingly, scientific evidence identifies gut microbiota as a key biological interface between human genetics and environmental conditions encompassing nutrition. Microbiota dysbiosis or variation in metabolic activity has been associated with metabolic deregulation (e.g. obesity, inflammatory bowel disease), disease risk factor (e.g. coronary heart disease) and even the aetiology of various pathologies (e.g. autism, cancer), although causal role into impaired metabolism still needs to be established. Metabonomics and Gut Microbiota in Nutrition and Disease serves as a handbook for postgraduate students, researchers in life sciences or health sciences, scientists in academic and industrial environments working in application areas as diverse as health, disease, nutrition, microbial research and human clinical medicine.

Author : Sofi G. Julien,Mireille Serhan
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2024-04-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782832547625

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Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet: Microbiota and Non-Communicable Diseases by Sofi G. Julien,Mireille Serhan Pdf

Author : Debabrata Biswas,Shaik O. Rahaman
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2020-08-27
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030473846

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Gut Microbiome and Its Impact on Health and Diseases by Debabrata Biswas,Shaik O. Rahaman Pdf

This book provides a comprehensive examination of the role of gut microbiome/microflora in nutrition, metabolism, disease prevention and health issues, including farm animal health and food value, and human gastrointestinal health and immunity. Indigenous microbiotas, particularly the gut microflora/microbiome, are an essential component in the modern concept of human and animal health. The diet and lifestyle of the host and environment have direct impact on gut microflora and the patterns of gut microbial colonization associated with health and diseases have been documented. Contributing authors cover the impact of gut microbiome in farm animal health, and explore the possibility of modulating the human gut microbiome with better animal products to prevent human diseases, including endemic and emerging diseases such as obesity, cancer and cardiac diseases. Dieting plan and control methods are examined, with attention paid to balance dieting with natural food and drink components. In addition, the role of gut microbiota in enteric microbial colonization and infections in farm animals is also discussed. The volume also explores the possibility of improving human health by modulating the microbiome with better food, including bio-active foods and appropriate forms of intake. Throughout the chapters, authors examine cutting edge research and technology, as well as future directions for better practices regarding emerging issues, such as the safety and production of organic food.

Author : United Nations University. World Hunger Programme
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 88 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Developing countries
ISBN : CORNELL:31924001871833

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Protein-energy Requirements Under Conditions Prevailing in Developing Countries by United Nations University. World Hunger Programme Pdf

Abstract: The determination of protein and energy needs in developing nations is complicated by insufficient data, degree of social stress, presence of disease and infection, and differences of individuals and population. An attempt is being made, however, to define the necessary allowances for recovery from infection or mild malnutrition and for the maintenance of health. The crucial questions revolve around relative requirements under prevailing conditions, whether there are indeed different requirements for different populations, and whether those requirements can be determined in reference to healthy, will-fed populations. These questions are addressed through information on known protein and energy requirements for health maintenance and tissue repletion, and nutritional consequences of infections. Recommendations are outlined for research priorities.

Author : Kieran Tuohy,Daniele Del Rio
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2014-08-04
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780124079410

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Diet-Microbe Interactions in the Gut by Kieran Tuohy,Daniele Del Rio Pdf

Drawing on expert opinions from the fields of nutrition, gut microbiology, mammalian physiology, and immunology, Diet-Microbe Interactions for Human Health investigates the evidence for a unified disease mechanism working through the gut and its resident microbiota, and linking many inflammation-related chronic diet associated diseases. State of the art post-genomic studies can highlight the important role played by our resident intestinal microbiota in determining human health and disease. Many chronic human diseases associated with modern lifestyles and diets — including those localized to the intestinal tract like inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease, and more pervasive systemic conditions such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease — are characterized by aberrant profiles of gut bacteria or their metabolites. Many of these diseases have an inflammatory basis, often presenting with a chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, hinting at persistent and inappropriate activation of inflammatory pathways. Through the presentation and analysis of recent nutrition studies, this book discusses the possible mechanisms underpinning the disease processes associated with these pathologies, with high fat diets appearing to predispose to disease, and biologically active plant components, mainly fiber and polyphenols, appearing to reduce the risk of chronic disease development. One comprehensive, translational source for all aspects of nutrition and diet's effect on gastrointestinal health and disease Experts in nutrition, diet, microbiology and immunology take readers from the bench research (cellular and biochemical mechanisms of vitamins and nutrients) to new preventive and therapeutic approaches Clear presentations by leading researchers of the cellular mechanisms underlying diet, immune response, and gastrointestinal disease help practicing nutritionists and clinicians (gastroenterologists, endocrinologists) map out new areas for clinical research and structuring clinical recommendations

Author : P.L. Ogra,W.A. Walker,B. Lönnerdal
Publisher : S. Karger
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2020-04-24
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783318066852

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Milk, Mucosal Immunity and the Microbiome: Impact on the Neonate by P.L. Ogra,W.A. Walker,B. Lönnerdal Pdf

Considerable advances have been made in science in order to understand the varied mixture of bioactive components in human milk. The 94th Nestlé Nutrition Institute Workshop was designed to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest findings in human milk research and its potential to modulate mucosal immunity, the microbiome, and its impact on the neonate. The publication provides a balanced state-of-the-art update on the current knowledge about milk, mucosal immunity, and the microbiome as well as their impact on breastfeeding in mammalian neonates. The first part reviews data on the immunology of milk and lactation from a historical perspective to the latest scientific findings. The second part discusses the microbiology of human milk and lactation in detail, with a focus on premature infants and necrotizing enterocolitis. And finally, in the third part, light is shed on the protective factors in human milk and their role in influencing the neonate’s immune system. Important new insights will provide great scientific support for all people seeking a deeper understanding of human milk and its immunological properties and will enlarge the knowledge of those who have already specialized in human milk research.

Author : Edward Ishiguro,Natasha Haskey,Kristina Campbell
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2023-06-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780323913898

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Gut Microbiota by Edward Ishiguro,Natasha Haskey,Kristina Campbell Pdf

Building off the success of the first edition, Gut Microbiota: Interactive Effects on Nutrition and Health, Second Edition, details the complex relationship between diet, the gut microbiota, and health. This second edition expands its coverage of emerging practical applications in nutrition and medicine. Covering topics such as the ecological concepts that apply to the gut microbiota and the effects of aging on the gut microbiome, among others, this book is sure to be a welcome resource to microbiome science trainees, food and nutrition researchers working in academia, and industry and healthcare professionals giving dietary recommendations to the general public. Presents diet, the gut microbiota, and health in a way that helps the reader interpret the value of related consumer tests and products Includes frequently asked questions that help clinicians provide succinct answers to their patients or clients Covers gut microbiota in the context of nutrition research and analyzes gaps in current knowledge to shape the design of future studies in this field

Author : Rodney Dietert, PhD
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2016-07-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781101983911

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The Human Superorganism by Rodney Dietert, PhD Pdf

"Eyeopening... Fascinating... may presage a paradigm shift in medicine.” —Kirkus Reviews (starred review) "Teeming with information and big ideas... Outstanding.” —Booklist (starred review) The origin of asthma, autism, Alzheimer's, allergies, cancer, heart disease, obesity, and even some kinds of depression is now clear. Award-winning researcher on the microbiome, professor Rodney Dietert presents a new paradigm in human biology that has emerged in the midst of the ongoing global epidemic of noncommunicable diseases. The Human Superorganism makes a sweeping, paradigm-shifting argument. It demolishes two fundamental beliefs that have blinkered all medical thinking until very recently: 1) Humans are better off as pure organisms free of foreign microbes; and 2) the human genome is the key to future medical advances. The microorganisms that we have sought to eliminate have been there for centuries supporting our ancestors. They comprise as much as 90 percent of the cells in and on our bodies—a staggering percentage! More than a thousand species of them live inside us, on our skin, and on our very eyelashes. Yet we have now significantly reduced their power and in doing so have sparked an epidemic of noncommunicable diseases—which now account for 63 percent of all human deaths. Ultimately, this book is not just about microbes; it is about a different way to view humans. The story that Dietert tells of where the new biology comes from, how it works, and the ways in which it affects your life is fascinating, authoritative, and revolutionary. Dietert identifies foods that best serve you, the superorganism; not new fad foods but ancient foods that have made sense for millennia. He explains protective measures against unsafe chemicals and drugs. He offers an empowering self-care guide and the blueprint for a revolution in public health. We are not what we have been taught. Each of us is a superorganism. The best path to a healthy life is through recognizing that profound truth.

Author : Vinood B. Patel,Victor R. Preedy
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 1173 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2022-10-14
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783031073892

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Biomarkers in Nutrition by Vinood B. Patel,Victor R. Preedy Pdf

This handbook provides an all-inclusive insight into biomarkers assessing the impact of nutrition on human health. The reader will gain insight into the area of circulating body fluid biomarkers, from cardiovascular related markers to liver functional tests. Various biomarkers related to the intake of micronutrient and macronutrients are presented, and the effects of different diets, pesticide exposure and dietary supplements are discussed, so are changes of genetic, cellular and histological variables. This systematic handbook is a must have for biomedical researchers as well as clinicians and pharmacologists, who wish to gain extensive understanding on the analysis of effects of various nutritional and dietary effects on human health, ageing and longevity.

Author : B. Koletzko,J. Bhatia,Z.A. Bhutta,P. Cooper,M. Makrides,R. Uauy,W. Wang
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2015-04-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783318026917

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Pediatric Nutrition in Practice by B. Koletzko,J. Bhatia,Z.A. Bhutta,P. Cooper,M. Makrides,R. Uauy,W. Wang Pdf

There is no other time in life when the provision of adequate and balanced nutrition is of greater importance than during infancy and childhood. During this dynamic phase characterized by rapid growth, development and developmental plasticity, a sufficient amount and appropriate composition of nutrients both in health and disease are of key importance for growth, functional outcomes such as cognition and immune response, and the metabolic programming of long-term health and well-being. This compact reference text provides concise information to readers who seek quick guidance on practical issues in the nutrition of infants, children and adolescents. After the success of the first edition, which sold more than 50'000 copies in several languages, the editors prepared this thoroughly revised and updated second edition which focuses again on nutritional challenges in both affluent and poor populations around the world. Serving as a practical reference guide, this book will contribute to further improving the quality of feeding of healthy infants and children, as well as enhancing the standards of nutritional care in sick children.

Author : Ronald Ross Watson,Victor R. Preedy
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 802 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2012-10-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780123977649

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Bioactive Food as Dietary Interventions for Liver and Gastrointestinal Disease by Ronald Ross Watson,Victor R. Preedy Pdf

Bioactive Food as Dietary Interventions for Liver and Gastrointestinal Disease provides valuable insights for those seeking nutritional treatment options for those suffering from liver and/or related gastrointestinal disease including Crohn’s, allergies, and colitis among others. Information is presented on a variety of foods including herbs, fruits, soy and olive oil. This book serves as a valuable resource for researchers in nutrition, nephrology, and gastroenterology. Addresses the most positive results from dietary interventions using bioactive foods to impact diseases of the liver and gastrointestinal system, including reduction of inflammation, improved function, and nutritional efficiency Presents a wide range of liver and gastrointestinal diseases and provides important information for additional research Associated information can be used to understand other diseases, which share common etiological pathways

Author : D. Dhanasekaran,Dhiraj Paul,N. Amaresan,A. Sankaranarayanan,Yogesh S. Shouche
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 863 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2021-04-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781000353143

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Microbiome-Host Interactions by D. Dhanasekaran,Dhiraj Paul,N. Amaresan,A. Sankaranarayanan,Yogesh S. Shouche Pdf

Microbiota are a promising and fascinating subject in biology because they integrate the microbial communities in humans, animals, plants, and the environment. In humans, microbiota are associated with the gut, skin, and genital, oral, and respiratory organs. The plant microbial community is referred to as "holobiont," and it is influential in the maintenance and health of plants, which themselves play a role in animal health and the environment. The contents of Microbiome-Host Interactions cover all areas as well as new research trends in the fields of plant, animal, human, and environmental microbiome interactions. The book covers microbiota in polar soil environments, in health and disease, in Caenorhabditis elegans, and in agroecosystems, as well as in rice root and actinorhizal root nodules, speleothems, and marine shallow-water hydrothermal vents. Moreover, this book provides comprehensive accounts of advanced next-generation DNA sequencing, metagenomic techniques, high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing, and understanding nucleic acid sequence data from fungal, algal, viral, bacterial, cyanobacterial, actinobacterial, and archaeal communities using QIIME software (Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology). FEATURES Summarizes recent insight in microbiota and host interactions in distinct habitats, including Antarctic, hydrothermal vents, speleothems, oral, skin, gut, feces, reproductive tract, soil, root, root nodules, forests, and mangroves Illustrates the high-throughput amplicon sequencing, computational techniques involved in the microbiota analysis, downstream analysis and visualization, and multivariate analysis commonly used for microbiome analysis Describes probiotics and prebiotics in the composition of the gut microbiota, skin microbiome impact in dermatologic disease prevention, and microbial communities in the reproductive tract of humans and animals Presents information in a reachable way for students, teachers, researchers, microbiologists, computational biologists, and other professionals who are interested in strengthening or enlarging their knowledge about microbiome analysis with next-generation DNA sequencing in the different branches of the sciences

Author : Debbie L. Humphries,Marilyn E. Scott,Sten H. Vermund
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 524 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2020-12-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030569136

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Nutrition and Infectious Diseases by Debbie L. Humphries,Marilyn E. Scott,Sten H. Vermund Pdf

This comprehensive and user-friendly volume focuses on the intersection between the fields of nutrition and infectious disease. It highlights the importance of nutritional status in infectious disease outcomes, and the need to recognize the role that nutrition plays in altering the risk of exposure and susceptibility to infection, the severity of the disease, and the effectiveness of treatment. Split into four parts, section one begins with a conceptual model linking nutritional status and infectious diseases, followed by primers on nutrition and immune function, that can serve as resources for students, researchers and practitioners. Section two provides accessible overviews of major categories of pathogens and is intended to be used as antecedents of pathogen-focused subsequent chapters, as well as to serve as discrete educational resources for students, researchers, and practitioners. The third section includes five in-depth case studies on specific infectious diseases where nutrition-infection interactions have been extensively explored: diarrheal and enteric disease, HIV and tuberculosis, arboviruses, malaria, and soil-transmitted helminths. The final section addresses cross-cutting topics such as drug-nutrient interactions, co-infections, and nutrition, infection, and climate change and then concludes by consolidating relevant clinical and public health approaches to addressing infection in the context of nutrition, and thus providing a sharp focus on the clinical relevance of the intersection between nutrition and infection Written by experts in the field, Nutrition and Infectious Diseases will be a go to resource and guide for immunologists, clinical pathologists, sociologists, epidemiologists, nutritionists, and all health care professionals managing and treating patients with infectious diseases.