Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 412 Subacute Inhalation Toxicity 28 Day Study
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OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 412: Subacute Inhalation Toxicity: 28-Day Study by OECD Pdf
This revised Test Guideline 412 (TG 412) has been designed to fully characterize test article toxicity by the inhalation route following repeated exposure for a limited period of time (28 days), and to provide data for quantitative inhalation risk ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 452: Chronic Toxicity Studies by OECD Pdf
The objective of these chronic toxicity studies is to characterize the profile of a substance in a mammalian species (primarily rodents) following prolonged and repeated exposure. The Test Guideline focuses on rodents and oral administration. Both ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 451: Carcinogenicity Studies by OECD Pdf
The objective of a long-term carcinogenicity study is to observe test animals for a major portion of their life span for the development of neoplastic lesions during or after exposure to various doses of a test substance by an appropriate route of ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 453: Combined Chronic Toxicity/Carcinogenicity Studies by OECD Pdf
The objective of a combined chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity study is to identify carcinogenic and the majority of chronic effects, and to determine dose-response relationships following prolonged and repeated exposure. The rat is typically used for ...
Mycotoxins are increasingly attracting attention at thegovernmental, public and academic level worldwide, due to more frequent and serious contaminations of food and feedstuffs, which pose a serious threat to human health and animal production. This book reviews the latest research on mycotoxins that directly concern food safety, and especially focuses on detection technologies, risk assessment and control strategiescurrently being used in China. Gathering contributions from over 20 respected researchers, the book will benefit graduatestudents, researchers and management groups from various disciplines, including food science and technology, analytical chemistry, plant pathology, public health, etc.
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 413: Subchronic Inhalation Toxicity: 90-day Study by OECD Pdf
This revised Test Guideline has been designed to fully characterize test article toxicity by the inhalation route for a subchronic duration (90 days), and to provide robust data for quantitative inhalation risk assessments. Groups of 10 male and 10 ...
Drug Delivery with Targeted Nanoparticles by Yılmaz Çapan,Adem Sahin,Hayrettin Tonbul Pdf
Nanotechnology has the potential to change every part of our lives. Today, nanotechnology-based products are used in many areas, and one of the most important areas is drug delivery. Nanoparticulate drug delivery systems not only provide controlled delivery of drugs and improved drug solubility but also improve drug efficiency and reduce side effects via targeting mechanisms. However, compared with conventional drug delivery systems, few nanoparticle-based products are on the market and almost all are nontargeted or only passively targeted systems. In addition, obtaining targeted nanoparticle systems is quite complex and requires several evaluation mechanisms. This book discusses the production, characterization, regulation, and currently marketed targeted nanoparticle systems in a broad framework. It provides an overview of targeted nanoparticles’ (i) in vitro characterization, such as particle size, stability, ligand density, and type; (ii) in vivo behavior for different targeting areas, such as tumor, brain, and vagina; and (iii) current advances in this field, including clinical trials and regulation processes.
Essentials of Pharmatoxicology in Drug Research, Volume 1 by Rakesh Kumar Tekade Pdf
Toxicity and Toxicodynamics, Volume One in the Essentials of Pharmatoxicology in Drug Research series provides an overview on the essentials of toxicology, risk assessment and the mechanisms. Topics discussed include the types of cellular responses to chemical toxicants, mechanisms of drug toxicity, and their relevance to pharmaceutical product development. The book examines omics and computer-aided technologies for mechanistic and predictive toxicology and covers state-of-art testing in the evaluation of detrimental pathways, dose selection in toxicity studies, as well as the role of regulatory agencies in toxicity studies. In addition, there is also discussion on clinical interventions such as pharmacotherapy and managed care strategies for acute poisoning. This volume is a valuable resource to those learning more about the drug development process related to toxicology and those who want to get an update on newer concepts on the toxicology aspect of drug research. Examines toxicological risk assessment in drug research Discusses toxicity mechanisms Covers risk assessment and the use of omics and computational technologies in mechanistic and predictive toxicology Offers clinical interventions and managed care as a result of toxic injury and acute poisoning
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 470: Mammalian Erythrocyte Pig-a Gene Mutation Assay by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline describes an in vivo erythrocyte Pig-a gene mutation assay (hereafter called the Pig-a assay) which uses an endogenous mammalian gene, the phosphatidylinositol glycan class A gene (Pig-a), as a reporter of somatic-cell gene mutation. In vivo gene mutation tests, such as the Pig-a assay, are especially relevant for assessing mutagenicity because physiological factors, such as absorption of the test chemical from the site of exposure, distribution of the test chemical throughout the test system via systemic circulation, and in vivo metabolism and DNA repair processes, all contribute to the mutagenic responses.
The Modern Ayurveda by C. P. Khare,Chandra Kant Katiyar Pdf
The Indian population has used Ayurvedic herbs for centuries, but now modern scientific work has led to recognition and acceptance at a global level. The major cause of the increased popularity of Ayurvedic medicine stems from recent scientific validation and its potential in lifestyle management. This growth in research in India and worldwide has
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 410: Repeated Dose Dermal Toxicity: 21/28-day Study by OECD Pdf
This study relates to the analysis, via dermal application, of the health hazard of solid or liquid test substance. This method is composed of two tests: the main test and the limit test. This Test Guideline is intended for use with the adult rat ...
Nanopharmaceuticals: Principles and Applications Vol. 3 by Vinod Kumar Yata,Shivendu Ranjan,Nandita Dasgupta,Eric Lichtfouse Pdf
This book is the third volume on this subject and focuses on the recent advances of nanopharmaceuticals in cancer, dental, dermal and drug delivery applications and presents their safety, toxicity and therapeutic efficacy. The book also includes the transport phenomenon of nanomaterials and important pathways for drug delivery applications. It goes on to explain the toxicity of nanoparticles to different physiological systems and methods used to assess this for different organ systems using examples of in vivo systems.
Evidence-Based Practice in Complementary and Alternative Medicine by Sanjeev Rastogi,Francesco Chiappelli,Manisha Harish Ramchandani,Ram Harsh Singh Pdf
This book investigates the ways in which the evidence base is influencing complementary and alternative medicine in general and Ayurveda and allied health practices in particular. The latter have traditionally been prevalent in Asia and are now increasingly attracting interest worldwide. The book is divided into four sections, the first of which examines issues related to acquisition and evaluation of the evidence base. Evidence-based approaches to Ayurvedic diagnosis and therapy are then examined, with a special focus on management of cardiovascular and rheumatological diseases, dental care, and rejuvenating treatments. The final section explores further the challenges of applying evidence-based practice in contemporary and alternative medicine and Ayurveda with a focus upon the issues requiring urgent attention in ongoing decade. The same involves encompassing areas such as Ayurvedic pharmaceutics, practice, education and research within an evidence-based perspective.
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 411: Subchronic Dermal Toxicity: 90-day Study by OECD Pdf
This study relates to the analysis, via dermal application, of the health hazards of solid or liquid test substance. It may be carried out after initial information obtained by acute testing. This method is composed of the main test and the limit ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 489: In Vivo Mammalian Alkaline Comet Assay by OECD Pdf
The in vivo alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis assay, also called alkaline Comet Assay is a method measuring DNA strand breaks in eukaryotic cells.