Oxidative Neural Injury

Author : Sigrid C. Veasey
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2009-05-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781603273428

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Oxidative Neural Injury by Sigrid C. Veasey Pdf

Twenty-five years ago, Earl R. Stadtman, PhD discovered that specific enzymes regulating metabolism can be inactivated by oxidation [1]. He later showed that age-related oxidative modification contributes, at least in part, to age-related loss of function of the enzymes [2, 3]. Dr. Stadtman broke the ground for a new field of study to discover how oxidative stress contributes in significant ways to age-related cellular dysfunction and protein accumulation and that oxidation in the aging brain influences Alzheimer’s disease, ischemia-reperfusion injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and lifespan [4–6]. Today, his research and mentorship have positively influenced the work of hundreds of scientists in this field. We dedicate this book to Dr. Earl R. Stadtman (1912–2008), in celebration of his passion for science and his superior collaborative and mentorship skills. This book is comprised of three sections. The first describes the valuable roles reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) play in cellular biology. The second section provides an overview of redox imbalance injury with effects on mitochondria, signaling, endoplasmic reticular function, and on aging in general. The third section takes these mechanisms to neurodegenerative disorders and provides a state-of-the-art look at the roles redox imbalances play in age-related susceptibility to disease and in the disease processes. In the first section we attempt to answer a question posed by Dr. Stadtman, ‘‘Why have cells selected reactive oxygen species to regulate cell signaling events’’ [7].

Author : Natan Gadoth,Hans Hilmar Göbel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 323 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2010-11-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781603275149

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Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Damage in Neurology by Natan Gadoth,Hans Hilmar Göbel Pdf

The role of free radicals and oxidative stress in neurological disorders has only recently been recognized, leaving clinical neurologists to seek in vain for information on the subject even in major textbooks. What published information there is may consist of brief reminders of the possible association of superoxidase dismutase with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and nitrous oxide with migraine. With luck they may also find information on the purported role of free radicals in the pathogenesis of traumatic brain injury. Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Damage in Neurology sets the record straight, focusing on clinical and research issues regarding the interplay of free radicals and the human nervous system. Crucially, the chapters cover numerous antioxidants and their possible therapeutic role in neurological disorders. Key illnesses such as epilepsy, multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s are analyzed, and chapters also examine more general issues such as the link between free radicals and inflammation of the central nervous system. Clinicians and laboratory researchers alike will find that this book augments their understanding not only of the widespread involvement of free radicals in the central nervous system but also of some uncertainties surrounding whether free radical damage in neurology plays a primary or secondary role.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Nutrition, Trauma, and the Brain
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 444 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2011-07-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309210089

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Nutrition and Traumatic Brain Injury by Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Nutrition, Trauma, and the Brain Pdf

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) accounts for up to one-third of combat-related injuries in Iraq and Afghanistan, according to some estimates. TBI is also a major problem among civilians, especially those who engage in certain sports. At the request of the Department of Defense, the IOM examined the potential role of nutrition in the treatment of and resilience against TBI.

Author : G. Ali Qureshi,S. Hasan Parvez
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 794 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2007-03-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080489494

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Oxidative Stress and Neurodegenerative Disorders by G. Ali Qureshi,S. Hasan Parvez Pdf

Oxidative stress is the result of an imbalance in pro-oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis that leads to the generation of toxic reactive oxygen species. Brain cells are continuously exposed to reactive oxygen species generated by oxidative metabolism, and in certain pathological conditions defense mechanisms against oxygen radicals may be weakened and/or overwhelmed. DNA is a potential target for oxidative damage, and genomic damage can contribute to neuropathogenesis. It is important therefore to identify tools for the quantitative analysis of DNA damage in models on neurological disorders. This book presents detailed information on various neurodegenerative disorders and their connection with oxidative stress. This information will provide clinicians with directions to treat these disorders with appropriate therapy and is also of vital importance for the drug industries for the design of new drugs for treatment of degenerative disorders. * Contains the latest information on the subject of neurodegenerative disorders * Reflects on various factors involved in degeneration and gives suggestions for how to tackle these problems

Author : James R. Connor
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 383 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781489901972

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Metals and Oxidative Damage in Neurological Disorders by James R. Connor Pdf

The purpose of this book is to bring together scientists and clinicians interested in oxidative injury in the nervous system but whose approaches to investigation and treatment design vary widely. Indeed the goal of this book is to show that the investiga tive approaches and potential therapeutic interventions perhaps do not vary as widely as some may think. I think that the readers of this book will not read it from front to back, but will pick chapters of interest. Thus, the chapters are organized to contain information that is essential to understanding basic aspects of oxidative injury, and thus have some redundancy. However, within the context of each chapter the reader should hopefully find impetus and direction to go on to another chapter. The book is divided into three seetions. The first section contains reviews of metals and their role in generating oxidative injury. lron is considered in three of these chapters because of its relative abundance in the brain and its potency in inducing free radicals. The second section focuses on mechanisms by which the brain attempts to protect itself from oxidative injury. Some of these mechanisms have the potential to be protective in some situations and potentiaIly damaging in others. The third section contains the clinicaI diseases in which oxidative injury is known to contribute to the pathogenic process. This seetion ends with a chapter on antioxidant therapeutic strate gies in neurological disorders.

Author : Pawan Kumar Maurya,Imteyaz Qamar
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2022-02-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323909068

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Novel Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Oxidative Stress by Pawan Kumar Maurya,Imteyaz Qamar Pdf

Novel Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Oxidative Stress investigates the role of oxidative stress in disease and explores the latest methods and approaches to targeting oxidative stress for treatment and diagnosis. The book begins with an introduction to oxidative stress and its significance. Subsequent sections cover biochemical methods for detecting free radicals and novel therapeutic approaches for targeting oxidative stress in a number of different diseases. This includes age-related illnesses, neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Novel approaches for targeting oxidative stress in cancer and cardiovascular diseases are also explored. The book then moves on to discuss advances in drug delivery systems and detecting oxidative stress biomarkers using biosensors. It concludes with case studies that illustrate the targeting of oxidative stress and future perspectives. Explores oxidative stress in a variety of diseases, including neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, age-related diseases, and cancer Covers a range of therapeutic approaches to target oxidative stress Includes chapters on the application of novel drug delivery systems and diagnostic biosensors to oxidative stress Features case studies illustrating the targeting of oxidative stress

Author : Daniel Laskowitz,Gerald Grant
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 412 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2015-12-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781498766579

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Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury by Daniel Laskowitz,Gerald Grant Pdf

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant source of death and permanent disability, contributing to nearly one-third of all injury related deaths in the United States and exacting a profound personal and economic toll. Despite the increased resources that have recently been brought to bear to improve our understanding of TBI, the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches has been disappointingly slow. Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury attempts to integrate expertise from across specialties to address knowledge gaps in the field of TBI. Its chapters cover a wide scope of TBI research in five broad areas: Epidemiology Pathophysiology Diagnosis Current treatment strategies and sequelae Future therapies Specific topics discussed include the societal impact of TBI in both the civilian and military populations, neurobiology and molecular mechanisms of axonal and neuronal injury, biomarkers of traumatic brain injury and their relationship to pathology, neuroplasticity after TBI, neuroprotective and neurorestorative therapy, advanced neuroimaging of mild TBI, neurocognitive and psychiatric symptoms following mild TBI, sports-related TBI, epilepsy and PTSD following TBI, and more. The book integrates the perspectives of experts across disciplines to assist in the translation of new ideas to clinical practice and ultimately to improve the care of the brain injured patient.

Author : S.H. Parvez,Peter Riederer
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2014-11-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 3709117364

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Oxidative Stress and Neuroprotection by S.H. Parvez,Peter Riederer Pdf

This book deals with basic and clinical aspects of monoamine oxidase (MAO) subtypes A and B highlighting its importance in neurological and psychiatric diseases. Consequently the therapeutic actions of MAO-A and -B inhibitors in Parkinson’s disease (PK) and depression are the focus of several chapters. As MAO is the basis of the development of the "oxidative stress hypothesis" of PD, several chapters are devoted to iron and iron-induced oxidative stress in various experimental studies and clinical conditions. Based on these findings, new compounds have been developed which not only block MAO, but are in addition, either inhibitors of acetylcholine esterase or have iron chelating properties. The aspect of "preclinical" and "clinical" neuro protection as well as MAO neuroprotection are additional topics covered in this book. MAO, iron and neuroprotection are seen in the framework of general anti Parkinson’s therapy with chapters on levodopa, dopaminergic receptor agonists and clinical issues.

Author : Jose Hurst,Sven Schnichels,Ritushree Kukreti,Sandra Kuehn,Abel Santamaria
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 109 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2023-06-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832520253

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Brain vs Retina - Differences and Commonalities: The Role of Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases by Jose Hurst,Sven Schnichels,Ritushree Kukreti,Sandra Kuehn,Abel Santamaria Pdf

Oxidative stress, free radicals, antioxidants - when it comes to our health, this topic is taking up more and more attention. But what is oxidative stress, how does it arise and what effects does it have on the most sensitive area of our body: the neuronal tissue or the retina. Many neurological diseases affecting the brain or the retina are associated with elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). High levels of ROS can cause damage to proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, membranes, and organelles such as mitochondria, and can be caused not only by external stimuli but also by aging. Most theories on the aging scenario assume that cumulative oxidative stress leads to mitochondrial changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative damage. Therefore, it is not surprising that excess ROS is among others associated with the development of a variety of age-related neuronal diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, as well as retinal diseases diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and age-related macular (AMD) degeneration. The aim of this Research Topic is to answer open questions, to combine already gained knowledge, to close the gaps between ophthalmology and neurology when it comes to oxidative stress in order to understand the underlying pathways and derive innovative therapies. It searches for the updates and new findings in both fields that answer the central question: are the same cell types affected by oxidative stress in the same way in the brain and retina? Experimental studies or patient studies that provide new insights are welcome, as well as studies that investigate antioxidant therapies.

Author : David R. Riddle
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2007-04-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1420005529

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Brain Aging by David R. Riddle Pdf

Recognition that aging is not the accumulation of disease, but rather comprises fundamental biological processes that are amenable to experimental study, is the basis for the recent growth of experimental biogerontology. As increasingly sophisticated studies provide greater understanding of what occurs in the aging brain and how these changes occur

Author : Donald Armstrong,Robert D. Stratton
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 610 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2016-04-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118832486

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Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Protection by Donald Armstrong,Robert D. Stratton Pdf

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Protection: The Science of Free Radical Biology and Disease Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Protection begins with a historical perspective of pioneers in oxidative stress with an introductory section that explains the basic principles related to oxidative stress in biochemistry and molecular biology, demonstrating both pathways and biomarkers. This section also covers diagnostic imaging and differential diagnostics. The following section covers psychological, physiologic, pharmacologic and pathologic correlates. This section addresses inheritance, gender, nutrition, obesity, family history, behavior modification, natural herbal-botanical products, and supplementation in the treatment of disease. Clinical trials are also summarized for major medical disorders and efficacy of treatment, with particular focus on inflammation, immune response, recycling, disease progression, outcomes and interventions. Each of the chapters describes what biomarker(s) and physiological functions may be relevant to a concept of specific disease and potential alternative therapy. The chapters cover medical terminology, developmental change, effects of aging, senescence, lifespan, and wound healing, and also illustrates cross-over exposure to other fields. The final chapter covers how and when to interpret appropriate data used in entry level biostatistics and epidemiology. Authored and edited by leaders in the field, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Protection will be an invaluable resource for students and researchers studying cell biology, molecular biology, and biochemistry, as well professionals in various health science fields.

Author : Talat Kiris
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 454 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2008-07-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783211757185

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Cerebral Vasospasm by Talat Kiris Pdf

This comprehensive volume is the current final word on the subject. It contains more than 90 papers, giving a summary of clinical and basic studies on cerebral vasospasm. It includes reviews by leading researchers in the field. Several new subjects are proposed for future research that will not only promote research from neurosurgery and neurology but also from other interconnecting fields of emergency medicine, electrophysiology, molecular biology, and vascular biology.

Author : Robert Vink,Mihai Nechifor
Publisher : University of Adelaide Press
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780987073051

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Magnesium in the Central Nervous System by Robert Vink,Mihai Nechifor Pdf

The brain is the most complex organ in our body. Indeed, it is perhaps the most complex structure we have ever encountered in nature. Both structurally and functionally, there are many peculiarities that differentiate the brain from all other organs. The brain is our connection to the world around us and by governing nervous system and higher function, any disturbance induces severe neurological and psychiatric disorders that can have a devastating effect on quality of life. Our understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of the brain has improved dramatically in the last two decades. In particular, the critical role of cations, including magnesium, has become evident, even if incompletely understood at a mechanistic level. The exact role and regulation of magnesium, in particular, remains elusive, largely because intracellular levels are so difficult to routinely quantify. Nonetheless, the importance of magnesium to normal central nervous system activity is self-evident given the complicated homeostatic mechanisms that maintain the concentration of this cation within strict limits essential for normal physiology and metabolism. There is also considerable accumulating evidence to suggest alterations to some brain functions in both normal and pathological conditions may be linked to alterations in local magnesium concentration. This book, containing chapters written by some of the foremost experts in the field of magnesium research, brings together the latest in experimental and clinical magnesium research as it relates to the central nervous system. It offers a complete and updated view of magnesiums involvement in central nervous system function and in so doing, brings together two main pillars of contemporary neuroscience research, namely providing an explanation for the molecular mechanisms involved in brain function, and emphasizing the connections between the molecular changes and behavior. It is the untiring efforts of those magnesium researchers who have dedicated their lives to unraveling the mysteries of magnesiums role in biological systems that has inspired the collation of this volume of work.

Author : Rodrigo Franco,Jonathan A Doorn,Jean-Christophe Rochet
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 537 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2017-07-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781782621881

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Oxidative Stress and Redox Signalling in Parkinson’s Disease by Rodrigo Franco,Jonathan A Doorn,Jean-Christophe Rochet Pdf

Parkinson's Disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions of people worldwide. In order to find neuroprotective strategies, a clear understanding of the mechanisms involved in the dopaminergic death of cells that progresses the disease is needed. Oxidative stress can be defined as an imbalance between the production of reactive species and the ability to detoxify them and their intermediates or by-products. Oxidative damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA has been detected in autopsies from individuals with Parkinson’s Disease and so links can be made between oxidative stress and Parkinson’s Disease pathogenesis. This book provides a thorough review of the mechanisms by which oxidative stress and redox signalling mediate Parkinson’s Disease. Opening chapters bring readers up to speed on basic knowledge regarding oxidative stress and redox signalling, Parkinson’s Disease, and neurodegeneration before the latest advances in this field are explored in detail. Topics covered in the following chapters include the role of mitochondria, dopamine metabolism, metal homeostasis, inflammation, DNA-damage and thiol-signalling. The role of genetics and gene-environment interactions are also explored before final chapters discuss the identification of potential biomarkers for diagnosis and disease progression and the future of redox/antioxidant based therapeutics. Written by recognized experts in the field, this book will be a valuable source of information for postgraduate students and academics, clinicians, toxicologists and risk assessment groups. Importantly, it presents the current research that might later lead to redox or antioxidant – based therapeutics for Parkinson’s disease.

Author : Zhang Pengyue,Yuchuan Ding,Yulong Bai,Xiangjian Zhang,Yunping Deng
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2021-08-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889712205

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Plasticity and Reconstruction of Neural Network in Brain Injury by Zhang Pengyue,Yuchuan Ding,Yulong Bai,Xiangjian Zhang,Yunping Deng Pdf