The Evolutionary Road To Human Memory

Author : Elisabeth A. Murray,Steven P. Wise,Mary K. L. Baldwin,Kim S. Graham
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 225 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2019-12-05
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780192563118

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The Evolutionary Road to Human Memory by Elisabeth A. Murray,Steven P. Wise,Mary K. L. Baldwin,Kim S. Graham Pdf

We tend to think about memory in terms of the human experience, neglecting the fact that we can trace a direct line of descent from the earliest vertebrates to modern humans. But the evolutionary history that we share with other vertebrates has left a mark on modern memory, complemented by unique forms of memory that emerged in humans. This book tells an intriguing story about how evolution shaped human memory. It explains how a series of now-extinct ancestral species adapted to life in their world, in their time and place. As they did, new brain areas appeared, each of which supported an innovative form of memory that helped them gain an advantage in life. Through inheritance and modification across millions of years, these evolutionary developments created several kinds of memory that influence the human mind today. Then, during human evolution, yet another new kind of memory emerged: about ourselves and others. This evolutionary innovation ignited human imagination; empowered us to remember and talk about a personal past; and enabled the sharing of knowledge about our world, our culture, and ourselves. Through these developments, our long journey along the evolutionary road to human memory made it possible for every individual, day upon day, to add new pages to the story of a life: the remarkably rich record of experiences and knowledge that make up a human mind. Written in an engaging and accessible style, The Evolutionary Road to Human Memory will be enjoyable reading for anyone interested in the human mind.

Author : Elisabeth A. Murray,Steven P. Wise,Kim S. Graham
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 529 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199686438

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The Evolution of Memory Systems by Elisabeth A. Murray,Steven P. Wise,Kim S. Graham Pdf

Current theories about human memory have been shaped by clinical observations and animal experiments. This doctrine holds that the medial temporal lobe subserves one memory system for explicit or declarative memories, while the basal ganglia subserves a separate memory system for implicit or procedural memories, including habits. Cortical areas outside the medial temporal lobe are said to function in perception, motor control, attention, or other aspects of executive function, but not in memory. 'The Evolution of Memory Systems' advances dramatically different ideas on all counts. It proposes that several memory systems arose during evolution and that they did so for the same general reason: to transcend problems and exploit opportunities encountered by specific ancestors at particular times and places in the distant past. Instead of classifying cortical areas in terms of mutually exclusive perception, executive, or memory functions, the authors show that all cortical areas contribute to memory and that they do so in their own ways-using specialized neural representations. The book also presents a proposal on the evolution of explicit memory. According to this idea, explicit (declarative) memory depends on interactions between a phylogenetically ancient navigation system and a representational system that evolved in humans to represent one's self and others. As a result, people embed representations of themselves into the events they experience and the facts they learn, which leads to the perception of participating in events and knowing facts. 'The Evolution of Memory Systems' is an important new work for students and researchers in neuroscience, psychology, and biology.

Author : Chizuko Izawa
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1999-04
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781135678746

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On Human Memory by Chizuko Izawa Pdf

The model of human memory proposed in 1968 by Atkinson and Shiffrin has the distinction of having revolutionized information-processing theory. It catapulated a whole generation of cognitive psychologists into sustained research programs that continue to be productive year after year. The book's notable authors analyze and deliberate on the model's monumental scientific contributions to human learning and memory. They also challenge it and delve into its likely future evolution and impact on learning and memory. The volume was published in celebration of the 30th anniversary of the Atkinson-Shiffrin model and sets forth a provocative future for memory workers and learning theorists.

Author : Elisabeth A. Murray,Steven P. Wise,Mary K. L. Baldwin,Kim S. Graham
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2019-12-10
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780192563101

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The Evolutionary Road to Human Memory by Elisabeth A. Murray,Steven P. Wise,Mary K. L. Baldwin,Kim S. Graham Pdf

We tend to think about memory in terms of the human experience, neglecting the fact that we can trace a direct line of descent from the earliest vertebrates to modern humans. But the evolutionary history that we share with other vertebrates has left a mark on modern memory, complemented by unique forms of memory that emerged in humans. This book tells an intriguing story about how evolution shaped human memory. It explains how a series of now-extinct ancestral species adapted to life in their world, in their time and place. As they did, new brain areas appeared, each of which supported an innovative form of memory that helped them gain an advantage in life. Through inheritance and modification across millions of years, these evolutionary developments created several kinds of memory that influence the human mind today. Then, during human evolution, yet another new kind of memory emerged: about ourselves and others. This evolutionary innovation ignited human imagination; empowered us to remember and talk about a personal past; and enabled the sharing of knowledge about our world, our culture, and ourselves. Through these developments, our long journey along the evolutionary road to human memory made it possible for every individual, day upon day, to add new pages to the story of a life: the remarkably rich record of experiences and knowledge that make up a human mind. Written in an engaging and accessible style, The Evolutionary Road to Human Memory will be enjoyable reading for anyone interested in the human mind.

Author : Héctor M. Manrique,Michael J. Walker
Publisher : Springer
Page : 150 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2017-08-22
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9783319644479

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Early Evolution of Human Memory by Héctor M. Manrique,Michael J. Walker Pdf

This work examines the cognitive capacity of great apes in order to better understand early man and the importance of memory in the evolutionary process. It synthesizes research from comparative cognition, neuroscience, primatology as well as lithic archaeology, reviewing findings on the cognitive ability of great apes to recognize the physical properties of an object and then determine the most effective way in which to manipulate it as a tool to achieve a specific goal. The authors argue that apes (Hominoidea) lack the human cognitive ability of imagining how to blend reality, which requires drawing on memory in order to envisage alternative future situations, and thereby modifying behavior determined by procedural memory. This book reviews neuroscientific findings on short-term working memory, long-term procedural memory, prospective memory, and imaginative forward thinking in relation to manual behavior. Since the manipulation of objects by Hominoidea in the wild (particularly in order to obtain food) is regarded as underlying the evolution of behavior in early Hominids, contrasts are highlighted between the former and the latter, especially the cognitive implications of ancient stone-tool preparation.

Author : Gabriel A. Radvansky
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 739 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2015-08-20
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317350774

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Human Memory by Gabriel A. Radvansky Pdf

Provides students with a guide to human memory, its properties, theories about how it works, and how studying it can help us understand who we are and why we do the things that we do. For undergraduate and graduate courses in Human Memory. This book provides a very broad range of topics covering more territory than most books. In addition to some coverage of basic issues of human memory and cognition that are of interest to researchers in the field, the chapters also cover issues that will be relevant to students with a range of interests including those students interested in clinical, social, and developmental psychology, as well as those planning on going on to medical and law schools. The writing is aimed at talking directly to students (as opposed to talking down to them) in a clear and effective manner. Not too dense, but also not too conversational as well. This 2nd edition includes a series of exercises that allow the student to try out the concepts and principles conveyed in the chapters, or to use as the basis for exploring their own ideas.

Author : Arthur Wingfield,Dennis L. Byrnes
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 444 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2013-09-11
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781483259437

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The Psychology of Human Memory by Arthur Wingfield,Dennis L. Byrnes Pdf

The Psychology of Human Memory presents a comprehensive discussion on the principles of human memory. The book is primarily concerned with theories and experiments on the acquisition and use of information. Topics on theoretical ideas that formed the basis for the earliest studies of memory; memory processes; aspects of association theory; capacity limitations; coding processes; types of memories; and applied memory research are also tackled. Psychologists, educators, psychiatrists, and students will find the book a good reference material.

Author : David J. Linden
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 361 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2012-10-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780674076617

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The Accidental Mind by David J. Linden Pdf

You've probably seen it before: a human brain dramatically lit from the side, the camera circling it like a helicopter shot of Stonehenge, and a modulated baritone voice exalting the brain's elegant design in reverent tones. To which this book says: Pure nonsense. In a work at once deeply learned and wonderfully accessible, the neuroscientist David Linden counters the widespread assumption that the brain is a paragon of design--and in its place gives us a compelling explanation of how the brain's serendipitous evolution has resulted in nothing short of our humanity. A guide to the strange and often illogical world of neural function, The Accidental Mind shows how the brain is not an optimized, general-purpose problem-solving machine, but rather a weird agglomeration of ad-hoc solutions that have been piled on through millions of years of evolutionary history. Moreover, Linden tells us how the constraints of evolved brain design have ultimately led to almost every transcendent human foible: our long childhoods, our extensive memory capacity, our search for love and long-term relationships, our need to create compelling narrative, and, ultimately, the universal cultural impulse to create both religious and scientific explanations. With forays into evolutionary biology, this analysis of mental function answers some of our most common questions about how we've come to be who we are.

Author : Alan D. Baddeley
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 378 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0863775454

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Essentials of Human Memory by Alan D. Baddeley Pdf

Essentials of Human Memory combines coverage of the fundamental issues of human memory, based on laboratory research, with abundant illustrations from studies in the real world and in the neuropsychological clinic, where dramatic memory deficits have continued to throw light on our understanding of normal memory.

Author : Gabriel A. Radvansky
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 656 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2017-03-13
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781134871735

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Human Memory by Gabriel A. Radvansky Pdf

This book provides a complete survey of research and theory on human memory in three major sections. A background section covers issues of the history of memory, and basic neuroscience and methodology. A core topics section discusses sensory registers, mechanisms of forgetting, and short-term/working, nondeclarative, episodic, and semantic memory. Finally, a special topics section includes formal models of memory, memory for space and time, autobiographical memory, memory and reality, and more. Throughout, the author weaves applications from psychology, medicine, law, and education to show the usefulness of the concepts in everyday life and multiple career paths. Opportunities for students to explore the assessment of memory in laboratory-based settings are also provided. Chapters can be covered in any order, providing instructors with the utmost flexibility in course assignments, and each one includes an overview, key terms, Stop and Review synopses, Try it Out exercises, Improving Your Memory and Study in Depth boxes, study questions, and Putting It All Together and Explore More sections. This text is intended for undergraduate or graduate courses in human memory, human learning and memory, neuropsychology of memory, and seminars on topics in human memory. It can also be used for more general cognitive psychology and cognitive science courses. New to this edition: - Now in full color. - More tables, graphs, and photos to help students visualize concepts. -Improving Your Memory boxes highlight the practical aspects of memory, and Study in Depth boxes review the steps of how results were constructed. -The latest memory research on the testing effect, the influences of sleep, memory reconsolidation, childhood memory, the default mode network, neurogenesis, and more. -Greater coverage of neuroscience, fMRIs, and other recent advances such as NIRS and pupilometry. -A website at www.routledge.com/cw/radvansky with outlines, review points, chapter summaries, key terms with definitions, quizzes, and links to related websites, videos, and suggested readings for students as well as PowerPoints, multiple-choice and essay questions, discussion questions, and a conversion guide for current adopters for instructors.

Author : Bennett L. Schwartz,Mark L. Howe,Michael P. Toglia,Henry Otgaar
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-10
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780199928064

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What Is Adaptive about Adaptive Memory? by Bennett L. Schwartz,Mark L. Howe,Michael P. Toglia,Henry Otgaar Pdf

Human memory, like other biological systems, has been subject to natural selection over the course of evolution. However, cognitive systems do not fossilize, which means that current researchers must infer evolutionary influences on human memory from current human behavior rather than from fossils or artifacts. Examining the potential for cognition as adaptation has often been ignored by cognitive psychology. Recently, a number of researchers have identified variables that affect human memory that may reflect these ancestral influences. These include survival processing, future-oriented processing, spatial memory, cheater detection, face memory and a variety of social influences on memory. The current volume grew out of discussion at the symposium on survival processing at the SARMAC conference in June 2011, in New York City. The goal of this volume will be to present the best theoretical and empirical work on the adaptive nature of memory. It features the most current work of a number of cognitive psychologists, developmental psychologists, comparative psychologists and cognitive neuroscientists, who have focused on this issue. This is important because much this work is necessarily interdisciplinary and is therefore spread out across a range of journals and conferences.

Author : Charles Stone,Lucas Bietti
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2015-09-16
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317807438

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Contextualizing Human Memory by Charles Stone,Lucas Bietti Pdf

This edited collection provides an inter- and intra-disciplinary discussion of the critical role context plays in how and when individuals and groups remember the past. International contributors integrate key research from a range of disciplines, including social and cognitive psychology, discursive psychology, philosophy/philosophical psychology and cognitive linguistics, to increase awareness of the central role that cultural, social and technological contexts play in determining individual and collective recollections at multiple, yet interconnected, levels of human experience. Divided into three parts, cognitive and psychological perspectives, social and cultural perspectives, and cognitive linguistics and philosophical perspectives, Stone and Bietti present a breadth of research on memory in context. Topics covered include: the construction of self-identity in memory flashbulb memories scaffolding memory the cultural psychology of remembering social aspects of memory the mnemonic consequences of silence emotion and memory eyewitness identification multimodal communication and collective remembering. Contextualizing Human Memory allows researchers to understand the variety of work undertaken in related fields, and to appreciate the importance of context in understanding when, how and what is remembered at any given recollection. The book will appeal to researchers, academics and postgraduate students in the fields of cognitive and social psychology, as well as those in related disciplines interested in learning more about the advancing field of memory studies.

Author : Geoffrey R. Loftus,Elizabeth F. Loftus
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2019-01-15
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317722625

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Human Memory by Geoffrey R. Loftus,Elizabeth F. Loftus Pdf

Over the past 20 years, the study of human memory has become an increasingly popular topic of study for psychologists, and since the late 1960s a new framework for studying memory has begun to take shape. It is the purpose of this book to present a broad overview of this framework, including descriptions of (1) the major theoretical components of the framework and (2) the critical research findings that justify the establishment of these components and illuminate the mechanisms by which they operate. The book is not meant to constitute an exhaustive review of the enormous research literature that has accrued over the years. The authors deliberately avoid wading into masses of detail on any given topic area, and we deliberately sidestep a number of current theoretical controversies. Instead, this book has been planned to be a guide and an introduction for the student or interested layman with little or no background in the area of memory as a field of psychological inquiry.

Author : Vernon H. Gregg
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Memory
ISBN : 1315775034

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Introduction to Human Memory by Vernon H. Gregg Pdf

Author : Mary B. Howes,Geoffrey O'Shea
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2013-12-21
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780124081062

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Human Memory by Mary B. Howes,Geoffrey O'Shea Pdf

While memory research has recently focused on brain images and neurological underpinnings of transmitters, Human Memory: A Constructivist View assesses how our individual identity affects what we remember, why and how. This book brings memory back to the constructivist questions of how all the experiences of an individual, up to the point of new memory input, help to determine what that person pays attention to, how that information is interpreted, and how all that ultimately affects what goes into memory and how it is stored. This also affects what can be recalled later and what kind of memory distortions are likely to occur. The authors describe constructionist theories of memory, what they predict, how this is borne out in research findings, presenting everyday life examples for better understanding of the material and interest. Intended for memory researchers and graduate level courses, this book is an excellent summary of human memory research from the constructivist perspective. Defines constructivist theory in memory research Assesses research findings relative to constructivist predictions Identifies how personal experience dictates attention, interpretation, and storage Integrates constructivist based findings with cognitive neuroscience