Transport Phenomena In The Nervous System

Author : Giulio Levi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 539 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2013-03-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781468432640

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Transport Phenomena in the Nervous System by Giulio Levi Pdf

This book presents the papers that were delivered at the Satellite Symposium of the International Society for Neurochemistry in Padua, September, 1975. Having such Satellite Symposia was a new experiment for the Society, and all signs, including those from Padua, indicate that it was a very successful experiment, which will be an old tradition for the Society. The large international meeting affords the opportunity for presentations from all areas, for meeting of colleagues from various backgrounds and disciplines. The Satellite Symposia allow people from the same area of interest to discuss their subject in depth, and as such represent meetings of possibly the greatest practical significance for the partici pants. The Padua Symposium was no exception: all who particiDated in it could testify to its success in exchanging of information, learning of new approaches, and acqu~r~ng of new ideas, also the strengthening of old friendships, forming of new friendships and new collaborations, and exposing ideas to criticisms, suggestions, discussions. As a sign of the interest and success of the partici pants I can mention that all participants have sent in their contributions. Perhaps editors of volumes would anpreciate that the very last came in no later than two months past the deadline.

Author : Giulio Levi,Leontino Battistin,Abel Lajtha
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 541 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1976
Category : Biological transport
ISBN : OCLC:396895754

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Transport Phenomena in the Nervous System by Giulio Levi,Leontino Battistin,Abel Lajtha Pdf

Author : Daniel M. Suter,Kyle E. Miller
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2016-05-26
Category : Electronic book
ISBN : 9782889198238

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Neuronal Mechanics and Transport by Daniel M. Suter,Kyle E. Miller Pdf

Understanding the underlying mechanisms of how axons and dendrites develop is a fundamental problem in neuroscience and a main goal of research on nervous system development and regeneration. Previous studies have provided a tremendous amount of information on signaling and cytoskeletal proteins regulating axonal and dendritic growth and guidance. However, relatively little is known about the relative contribution and role of cytoskeletal dynamics, transport of organelles and cytoskeletal components, and force generation to axonal elongation. Advancing the knowledge of these biomechanical processes is critical to better understand the development of the nervous system, the pathological progression of neurodegenerative diseases, acute traumatic injury, and for designing novel approaches to promote neuronal regeneration following disease, stroke, or trauma. Mechanical properties and forces shape the development of the nervous system from the cellular up to the organ level. Recent advances in quantitative live cell imaging, biophysical, and nanotechnological methods such as traction force microscopy, optical tweezers, and atomic force microscopy have enabled researchers to gain better insights into how cytoskeletal dynamics and motor-driven transport, membrane-dynamics, adhesion, and substrate rigidity influence axonal elongation. Given the complexity and mechanical nature of this problem, mathematical modeling contributes significantly to our understanding of neuronal mechanics. Nonetheless, there has been limited direct interaction and discussions between experimentalists and theoreticians in this research area. The purpose of this Frontiers Research Topic is to highlight exciting, and important work that is currently developing in the fields of neuronal cell biology, neuronal mechanics, intracellular transport, and mathematical modeling in the form of primary research articles, reviews, perspectives, and commentaries.

Author : Roland N. Pittman
Publisher : Biota Publishing
Page : 117 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2016-08-18
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781615047215

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Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation, Second Edition by Roland N. Pittman Pdf

This presentation describes various aspects of the regulation of tissue oxygenation, including the roles of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and blood, the carrier of oxygen within these components of the cardiorespiratory system. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the atmosphere and transports it by diffusion from the air in the alveoli to the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries. The cardiovascular system then moves the oxygenated blood from the heart to the microcirculation of the various organs by convection, where oxygen is released from hemoglobin in the red blood cells and moves to the parenchymal cells of each tissue by diffusion. Oxygen that has diffused into cells is then utilized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of all cells. The mitochondria are able to produce ATP until the oxygen tension or PO2 on the cell surface falls to a critical level of about 4–5 mm Hg. Thus, in order to meet the energetic needs of cells, it is important to maintain a continuous supply of oxygen to the mitochondria at or above the critical PO2 . In order to accomplish this desired outcome, the cardiorespiratory system, including the blood, must be capable of regulation to ensure survival of all tissues under a wide range of circumstances. The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic information about the operation and regulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the properties of the blood and parenchymal cells, so that a fundamental understanding of the regulation of tissue oxygenation is achieved.

Author : Malay K. Das,Partha P. Mukherjee,K. Muralidhar
Publisher : Springer
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2017-11-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319698663

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Modeling Transport Phenomena in Porous Media with Applications by Malay K. Das,Partha P. Mukherjee,K. Muralidhar Pdf

This book is an ensemble of six major chapters, an introduction, and a closure on modeling transport phenomena in porous media with applications. Two of the six chapters explain the underlying theories, whereas the rest focus on new applications. Porous media transport is essentially a multi-scale process. Accordingly, the related theory described in the second and third chapters covers both continuum‐ and meso‐scale phenomena. Examining the continuum formulation imparts rigor to the empirical porous media models, while the mesoscopic model focuses on the physical processes within the pores. Porous media models are discussed in the context of a few important engineering applications. These include biomedical problems, gas hydrate reservoirs, regenerators, and fuel cells. The discussion reveals the strengths and weaknesses of existing models as well as future research directions.

Author : Pierre Baumann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783709122433

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Transport Mechanisms of Tryptophan in Blood Cells, Nerve Cells, and at the Blood-Brain Barrier by Pierre Baumann Pdf

Author : Michael H Briggs
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2017-11-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781351355629

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Vitamins In Human Biology and Medicine (1981) by Michael H Briggs Pdf

It is the purpose of this book to try to offer a modern perspective on the importance of vitamins in human biology and medicine. There have been recent revivals of attempts to use vitamins as therapeutic agents by administering doses many times the recommended allowance. This use or 'megavitamin therapy' is reviewed by Dr. Reynold Spector, with particular emphasis on vitamin entry to the central nervous system. Of related interest is the chapter by Dr. John Blass discussing central nervous system manifestations of thiamin deficiency, and also the contribution by Ms. Fiona Cumming and clinical toxicity of vitamin supplementation.

Author : Abel Lajtha
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 707 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781468443677

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Metabolism in the Nervous System by Abel Lajtha Pdf

This volume is concerned with metabolic reactions occurring in the nervous system. Some time ago, it was thought that since most of the intermediary metabolism that can be observed in the brain is not specific to this organ, there is little justification in studying neural metabolism as such. Later it was realized that for an understanding of neural functions, the understanding of metabolism in the brain and its alterations is essential. All aspects of the metabolism of a substrate in brain, or all metabolic reactions of the nervous system, could not be included in this volume; some will be dealt with in other volumes (such as the ones covering metabolic turn over, alterations of metabolism, or pathology). Review of the aspects covered here clearly shows that the study of metabolic reactions in the nervous system is a very active field, producing important results. As in so many areas of research, as we learn more, new aspects become known, new questions emerge, and we see that in solving some problems we open areas with many additional problems to solve. But the accomplishments to date are impressive and indicate further important advances in the future. Brain metabolism is more active, more plastic, and more comprehensive than previously estimated. It is an essential part of brain function, and with its alteration, brain function will be altered. This shows the importance of more knowledge in this area. It is hoped that this volume will be of assistance in such further studies.

Author : James H. Wood
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 771 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781468410396

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Neurobiology of Cerebrospinal Fluid 1 by James H. Wood Pdf

Physiologic compartmentalization effectively isolates the central nervous system from the rest of the body. This isolation not only provides protection of its delicate function from aberrant peripheral influences but also impedes its diagnostic evaluation. Cerebro spinal fluid (CSF) bathes the brain and spinal cord, is in dynamic equilibrium with its extracellular fluid, and tends to reflect the state of health and activity of the central nervous system. CSF examination is the most direct and popular method of assessing the central chemical and cellular environment in the living patient or mammal. The purpose of this multidisciplined reference text is to provide the sophisticated knowledge of CSF physiology and pathology necessary for the meaningful interpretation of data obtained by various types of CSF analysis. The methodology for reliable CSF collection, storage, preparation, and analysis is discussed with respect to individual, somatotropic, chronologic, endorcinologic, pharmacologic, and possible artifactual var iations in CSF composition. These essential aspects, which ensure the validity of CSF data, are presented to aid the investigator in clinical and experimental protocol formu lation and in elimination of possible sources of error.

Author : Abel Lajtha
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 683 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781468445688

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Receptors in the Nervous System by Abel Lajtha Pdf

A major advance in the biological sciences in the past decade has been the biochemical identification of cell membrane receptors. The existence of re ceptor substances on the surface of cells that recognize and bind to extracellular molecules was proposed at the beginning of the century by the pharmacologist and immunologist Paul Ehrlich and the physiologist J. N. Langley. Since then, receptors have been found to play an important role in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Over the years many attempts have been made to physically isolate and chemically characterize receptors, but because of the receptors' extremely low concentration and membrane localization, these ef forts have met with limited success. Yet, despite the failure to characterize receptor substances, the concept of the presence of such molecules has had considerable heuristic value. Using pharmacological, physiological, and im munologic approaches, researchers have identified several specific receptors, e. g. , a-and ~-adrenergic, nicotinic and muscarinic cholinergic, and histami nergic. With the characterization of various types of receptors on cell mem branes, many drugs were developed that proved to be experimentally and ther apeutically useful. It was only in the early 1970s that methods for the specific measurement, chemical characterization, and physical isolation of cell membrane receptors were developed. These advances were made possible by the availability of ligands with high specific radioactivity that retained their biological activity and of experimental procedures that differentiated between specific and non specific binding of ligands.

Author : M. Airaksinen
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781483157788

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CNS and Behavioural Pharmacology by M. Airaksinen Pdf

CNS and Behavioural Pharmacology is the third volume of the proceedings of the Sixth International Congress of Pharmacology, organized by the Finnish Pharmacological Society and held in Helsinki, Finland, on July 20-25, 1975. Contributors focus on the findings concerning the central nervous system (CNS) and on the developments in behavioral pharmacology and related areas of research. This volume has 33 chapters divided into five sections. After discussing the application of psychopharmacology to the conservation of wild animals such as ungulates, this book turns its attention to alcohol dependence and the interactions between neurotransmitters and the hypothalamic releasing hormones. The reader is methodically introduced to the pharmacology of emotive behavior, with emphasis on drug effects in mental and emotional disorders as well as the action of psychotropic drugs on emotions, motivations, and social behavior of animals. The final section is devoted to the pharmacological aspects of the cerebrospinal fluid-transport system. This section covers topics such as the metabolism of biogenic amines in the human CNS; the importance of dopamine metabolism for the clinical effects and side effects of neuroleptics; and composite transport systems for organic acids and bases in choroid plexus. This book will be of interest to scientists representing all the major areas of pharmacology, including clinical pharmacology and toxicology, as well as to internists, psychiatrists, neurologists, and anesthesiologists.

Author : Howard M. Eisenberg
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781468437522

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The Cerebral Microvasculature by Howard M. Eisenberg Pdf

As traced by Uichael Bradbury in his recently published monograph, The Concept of a BZood-Brain Barrier, the idea of a scientific challenge is just about as old as the twentieth century. Curiously, it remains undefined. Is it a structure or structures as some use the term, or is it a reciprocal per meability, a force-flow relationship, as do others, or is it a group of processes, some more specialized than others? Depend ing upon the observer, the method, and what is observed, it seems to be each of these or all. This Symposium takes as its focus of interest the micro vasculature of the brain and includes considerations of blood flow, the properties of vessel walls and the control of flow and permeability. In addition perturbations that change the characteristics of the flow of materials are given attention. By changing the usual focus of interest, the organizers, Drs. Suddith and Eisenberg, have given a fresh outlook to the subject and now, by publication of the Proceedings, have arranged for wide availability of these interesting papers. Keasley Welch v PREFACE A symposium on the cerebral microvasculature and its function in the blood-brain barrier was held at The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, in the summer of 1979. Investigators from the United States and Europe met to discuss their recent work.

Author : N. Lakshminarayanaiah
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 544 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1969
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015009546097

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Transport Phenomena in Membranes by N. Lakshminarayanaiah Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 315 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1977-02-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0080857531

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International Review of Neurobiology by Anonim Pdf

International Review of Neurobiology

Author : George A. Truskey,Fan Yuan,David F. Katz
Publisher : Prentice Hall
Page : 889 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Biological systems
ISBN : 9780131569881

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Transport Phenomena in Biological Systems by George A. Truskey,Fan Yuan,David F. Katz Pdf

For one-semester, advanced undergraduate/graduate courses in Biotransport Engineering. Presenting engineering fundamentals and biological applications in a unified way, this text provides students with the skills necessary to develop and critically analyze models of biological transport and reaction processes. It covers topics in fluid mechanics, mass transport, and biochemical interactions, with engineering concepts motivated by specific biological problems.