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Tumor Models in Cancer Research by Beverly A. Teicher Pdf
The past 6 years since the first edition of this book have seen great progress in the development of genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models of cancer. These models are finding an important role in furthering our understanding of the biology of malignant disease. A comfortable position for GEM models in the routine conduct of screening for potential new therapeutics is coming more slowly but is coming. Increasing numbers of genetically engineered mice are available, some with conditional activation of oncogenes, some with multiple genetic changes providing mouse models that are moving closer to the human disease.
Tumor Models in Cancer Research by Beverly A. Teicher Pdf
Beverly A. Teicher and a panel of leading experts comprehensively describe for the first time in many years the state-of-the-art in animal tumor model research. The wide array of models detailed form the basis for the selection of compounds and treatments that go into clinical testing of patients, and include syngeneic models, human tumor xenograft models, orthotopic models, metastatic models, transgenic models, and gene knockout models. Synthesizing many years experience with all the major in vivo models currently available for the study of malignant disease, Tumor Models in Cancer Research provides preclinical and clinical cancer researchers alike with a comprehensive guide to the selection of these models, their effective use, and the optimal interpretation of their results.
Cancer Models by Michael Breitenbach,Jens Hoffmann Pdf
Cancer research, like research on other diseases, highly depends on representative and reliable model systems. In the Research Topic “Cancer Models”, we collected original papers and review articles addressing the topic of tumor modeling from molecular biology, biochemistry, microorganisms, cells and organoids, fishes, animals and xenografts, up to computational cancer models and patient data analysis. This representative eBook describes that there is not a single molecular defined tumor but rather a heterogenic and highly variable complex of different individual diseases. This is what makes research on cancer so difficult, expensive, and explains the broad number of models needed for research. Our authors describe new next-generation sequencing-based methods to analyze complex patterns of chromosomal aberrations in order to understand the molecular biology of tumorigenesis as well as the role of cellular senescence and dormancy in the aetiology of tumor formation and development of therapy resistance of tumors. The current developments on 3D cultures are thoroughly reviewed, as these models help to overcome the current limitations of cell cultures and allow a more accurate mimicry of the native cancer tissue, including cellular heterogeneity and restore specific biochemical and morphological. Reviews about tumor models in zebrafish, different transgenic mouse strains and pigs conclude the book. In the final two chapters of this volume, the authors discuss the theoretical and mathematical models developed in cancer research.
Animal Models in Cancer Drug Discovery by Asfar Azmi,Ramzi M. Mohammad Pdf
Animal Models in Cancer Drug Discovery brings forward the most cutting-edge developments in tumor model systems for translational cancer research. The reader can find under this one volume virtually all types of existing and emerging tumor models in use by the research community. This book provides a deeper insight on how these newer models could de-risk modern drug discovery. Areas covered include up to date information on latest organoid derived models and newer genetic models. Additionally, the book discusses humanized animal tumor models for cancer immunotherapy and how they leverage personalized therapies. The chapter on larger animal, canine models and their use in and their use in pre-investigational new drug (pre-IND) development makes the volume unique. Unlike before, the incorporation of several simplified protocols, breeding methodologies, handling and assessment procedures to study drug intervention makes this book a must read. Animal Models in Cancer Drug Discovery is a valuable resource for basic and translational cancer researchers, drug discovery researchers, contract research organizations, and knowledge seekers at all levels in the biomedical field. Encompasses discussions on innovative animal models, xenograft, genetic models, primary models, organoid systems, humanized and other models in modern biology paradigms that are enhancing research in the field of drug discover Covers the use of these models in personalized medicine, immunotherapy, toxicology, pre-IND assessments and related drug development arenas Presents protocols, procedures, and a comprehensive glossary to help new readers understand technical terms and specialized nomenclature
Patient Derived Tumor Xenograft Models by Rajesh Uthamanthil,Peggy Tinkey,Elisa de Stanchina Pdf
Patient Derived Tumor Xenograft Models: Promise, Potential and Practice offers guidance on how to conduct PDX modeling and trials, including how to know when these models are appropriate for use, and how the data should be interpreted through the selection of immunodeficient strains. In addition, proper methodologies suitable for growing different type of tumors, acquisition of pathology, genomic and other data about the tumor, potential pitfalls, and confounding background pathologies that occur in these models are also included, as is a discussion of the facilities and infrastructure required to operate a PDX laboratory. Offers guidance on data interpretation and regulatory aspects Provides useful techniques and strategies for working with PDX models Includes practical tools and potential pitfalls for best practices Compiles all knowledge of PDX models research in one resource Presents the results of first ever global survey on standards of PDX development and usage in academia and industry
Medical Physics by Anna Bajek,Bartosz Tylkowski Pdf
Modern cancer research is a high-tech undertaking, overlapping with many fields in the physical sciences. These include nanotechnology, engineering, immunology, and bioinformatics. This book focuses on the science and technology underlying the diagnosis and treatement of cancer. The authors offer insights into technologies including radiotherapy, modelling, and drug encapsulation.
An Introduction to Physical Oncology by Vittorio Cristini,Eugene Koay,Zhihui Wang Pdf
Physical oncology has the potential to revolutionize cancer research and treatment. The fundamental rationale behind this approach is that physical processes, such as transport mechanisms for drug molecules within tissue and forces exchanged by cancer cells with tissue, may play an equally important role as biological processes in influencing progression and treatment outcome. This book introduces the emerging field of physical oncology to a general audience, with a focus on recent breakthroughs that help in the design and discovery of more effective cancer treatments. It describes how novel mathematical models of physical transport processes incorporate patient tissue and imaging data routinely produced in the clinic to predict the efficacy of many cancer treatment approaches, including chemotherapy and radiation therapy. By helping to identify which therapies would be most beneficial for an individual patient, and quantifying their effects prior to actual implementation in the clinic, physical oncology allows doctors to design treatment regimens customized to each patient’s clinical needs, significantly altering the current clinical approach to cancer treatment and improving the outcomes for patients.
Immunodeficient Animals by Wolfgang Arnold,Petra Köpf-Maier,Burkhard Micheel Pdf
The classic immunodeficient mutants nude, scid and rnu have an important function in experimental cancer research: they allow unique methods of investigation and provide data of clinical relevance. This volume presents the state of the art of research work based on the use of these immunodeficient animal models. One section is dedicated to the biological aspects and immunological properties of immunodeficient mutants. Another part includes articles on xenogenous transplantation of human tumors, focusing on the establishment of transplantable lines, growth characteristics and tumor markers. Special attention is given to new approaches in the fields of chemotherapy, radiation therapy and immunotherapy. Various contributors consider in vitro methods as alternative models. In addition to current data, this publication contains useful technical and methodological information and is therefore valuable not only for specialists but also for scientists entering the field of experimental cancer research.
Genetically Engineered Mice for Cancer Research by Jeffrey E. Green,Thomas Ried Pdf
Genetically-engineered mouse models for cancer research have become invaluable tools for studying cancer biology and evaluating novel therapeutic approaches. This volume focuses on state-of-the-art methods for generating, analyzing and validating such models for studying aspects of human cancer biology. Additionally, these models are emerging as important pre-clinical systems in which to test cancer prevention and therapeutic strategies in order to select compounds for testing in clinical trials.
Relevance of Tumor Models for Anticancer Drug Development by H. H. Fiebig,A. M. Burger Pdf
In recent years, large-scale 'disease-oriented' and 'target-oriented' screening procedures have transformed anticancer drug discovery. As a result several novel therapeutic agents and strategies, aimed to combat cancer via a molecular approach, are being evaluated for their possible clinical benefit. The main topics of this volume address the challenges for current drug development and the available preclinical in vivo and in vitro model systems. Special new techniques to mimic the clinical situation in the mouse, models to evaluate metastasis and angiogenesis inhibitors, new molecular targets for anticancer drug development and their preclinically/clinically examined inhibitors or modulators are described. Furthermore, the recent testing procedures for the discovery of novel therapeutic agents employed at the US National Cancer Institute (e.g. Hollow Fiber Assay) and at the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) - Screening and Pharmacology Group (SPG) - are reviewed. This volume will provide a comprehensive overview of the up-to-date drug discovery and development strategies for medical oncologists, experimental cancer researchers, cancer research institutions, and the pharmaceutical industry.
Alternatives to Animal Testing by Hajime Kojima,Troy Seidle,Horst Spielmann Pdf
This open access book presents recent advances in the pure sciences that are of significance in the quest for alternatives to the use of animals in research and describes a variety of practical applications of the three key guiding principles for the more ethical use of animals in experiments – replacement, reduction, and refinement, collectively known as the 3Rs. Important examples from across the world of implementation of the 3Rs in the testing of cosmetics, chemicals, pesticides, and biologics, including vaccines, are described, with additional information on relevant regulations. The coverage also encompasses emerging approaches to alternative tests and the 3Rs. The book is based on the most informative contributions delivered at the Asian Congress 2016 on Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences. It will be of value for those working in R&D, for graduate students, and for educators in various fields, including the pharmaceutical and cosmetic sciences, pharmacology, toxicology, and animal welfare. The free, open access distribution of Alternatives to Animal Testing is enabled by the Creative Commons Attribution license in International version 4: CC BY 4.0.
Patient-Derived Mouse Models of Cancer by Robert M. Hoffman Pdf
This text highlights seminal discoveries and also provides comprehensive and state-of the-art approach to mouse models of human patient tumors. These areas include training, basic techniques, as well as general troubleshooting. Subsequent chapters focus on the different mouse models of patient tumors including the various strains of immunodeficient mice currently available and the transplantation techniques that can be used as well as state-of-the-art imaging techniques. Practical applications of the models from drug discovery, genome analysis to personalized treatment are also covered. Written by experts in that field, each of these sections address these critical issues. A brief review of the existing literature addressing the particular topic follows in each section. Presently, there is no single source to provide information on technique and uses of mouse models of human patient tumors. Patient-Derived Mouse Models of Cancer will satisfy this need for cancer researchers, oncologists, pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry scientists as well as molecular biologists studying in vivo systems
Mathematical Models in Cancer Research, by T. E. Wheldon Pdf
Cancer research deals with all aspects of malignant transformation, tumour growth and the effects of treatment. Mathematical models enable quantitative representations of the changes affecting cell state and cell number. This book provides a review of the scope of mathematical modelling in cancer research, bringing together for the first time a group of related mathematical topics including multistage carcinogenesis, tumour growth kinetics, growth control, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and biological targeting in cancer treatment. Physicists and mathematicians interested in medical research, biomathematicians, biostatisticians, radiation and medical oncologists and experimental and theoretical biologists will welcome this critical review of mathematical modelling in cancer research. This book will also be of interest to clinicians, basic cancer scientists and physicists working in radiotherapy departments, and to postgraduate students on courses in oncology and subjects.
Mouse Models of Cancer by Maja Čemažar,Tanja Jesenko,Urša Lampreht Tratar Pdf
This detailed volume presents a variety of mouse models for cancer studies, from leukemia and lymphoma models to different types of subcutaneous and orthotopic models. Models for the healing process and the assessment of the immune response after local ablative therapies are also included, as well as imaging techniques that allow for the visualization of cancer at the cellular and tissue level. The book closes with a detailed description of necropsy, which is essential for obtaining good biomaterial for translational research. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Mouse Models of Cancer: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal guide to these controlled and reproducible model experimental systems to study different aspects of cancer biology, including prevention, development, progression, and treatment.
Multiscale Cancer Modeling by Thomas S. Deisboeck,Georgios Stamatakos Pdf
Cancer is a complex disease process that spans multiple scales in space and time. Driven by cutting-edge mathematical and computational techniques, in silico biology provides powerful tools to investigate the mechanistic relationships of genes, cells, and tissues. It enables the creation of experimentally testable hypotheses, the integration of dat