World Of Computing

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World of Computing

Gerard O'Regan
World of Computing Book PDF

Author : Gerard O'Regan
Publisher : Springer
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2018-04-17
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783319758442

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World of Computing by Gerard O'Regan Pdf

This engaging work provides a concise introduction to the exciting world of computing, encompassing the theory, technology, history, and societal impact of computer software and computing devices. Spanning topics from global conflict to home gaming, international business, and human communication, this text reviews the key concepts unpinning the technology which has shaped the modern world. Topics and features: introduces the foundations of computing, the fundamentals of algorithms, and the essential concepts from mathematics and logic used in computer science; presents a concise history of computing, discussing the historical figures who made important contributions, and the machines which formed major milestones; examines the fields of human−computer interaction, and software engineering; provides accessible introductions to the core aspects of programming languages, operating systems, and databases; describes the Internet revolution, the invention of the smartphone, and the rise of social media, as well as the Internet of Things and cryptocurrencies; explores legal and ethical aspects of computing, including issues of hacking and cybercrime, and the nature of online privacy, free speech and censorship; discusses such innovations as distributed systems, service-oriented architecture, software as a service, cloud computing, and embedded systems; includes key learning topics and review questions in every chapter, and a helpful glossary. Offering an enjoyable overview of the fascinating and broad-ranging field of computing, this easy-to-understand primer introduces the general reader to the ideas on which the digital world was built, and the historical developments that helped to form the modern age.

The Closed World

Paul N. Edwards
The Closed World Book PDF

Author : Paul N. Edwards
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 468 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0262550288

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The Closed World by Paul N. Edwards Pdf

The Closed World offers a radically new alternative to the canonical histories of computers and cognitive science. Arguing that we can make sense of computers as tools only when we simultaneously grasp their roles as metaphors and political icons, Paul Edwards shows how Cold War social and cultural contexts shaped emerging computer technology--and were transformed, in turn, by information machines. The Closed World explores three apparently disparate histories--the history of American global power, the history of computing machines, and the history of subjectivity in science and culture--through the lens of the American political imagination. In the process, it reveals intimate links between the military projects of the Cold War, the evolution of digital computers, and the origins of cybernetics, cognitive psychology, and artificial intelligence. Edwards begins by describing the emergence of a "closed-world discourse" of global surveillance and control through high-technology military power. The Cold War political goal of "containment" led to the SAGE continental air defense system, Rand Corporation studies of nuclear strategy, and the advanced technologies of the Vietnam War. These and other centralized, computerized military command and control projects--for containing world-scale conflicts--helped closed-world discourse dominate Cold War political decisions. Their apotheosis was the Reagan-era plan for a " Star Wars" space-based ballistic missile defense. Edwards then shows how these military projects helped computers become axial metaphors in psychological theory. Analyzing the Macy Conferences on cybernetics, the Harvard Psycho-Acoustic Laboratory, and the early history of artificial intelligence, he describes the formation of a "cyborg discourse." By constructing both human minds and artificial intelligences as information machines, cyborg discourse assisted in integrating people into the hyper-complex technological systems of the closed world. Finally, Edwards explores the cyborg as political identity in science fiction--from the disembodied, panoptic AI of 2001: A Space Odyssey, to the mechanical robots of Star Wars and the engineered biological androids of Blade Runner--where Information Age culture and subjectivity were both reflected and constructed. Inside Technology series

Organic Computing – Technical Systems for Survival in the Real World

Christian Müller-Schloer,Sven Tomforde
Organic Computing Technical Systems for Survival in the Real World Book PDF

Author : Christian Müller-Schloer,Sven Tomforde
Publisher : Birkhäuser
Page : 578 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2017-12-28
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783319684772

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Organic Computing – Technical Systems for Survival in the Real World by Christian Müller-Schloer,Sven Tomforde Pdf

This book is a comprehensive introduction into Organic Computing (OC), presenting systematically the current state-of-the-art in OC. It starts with motivating examples of self-organising, self-adaptive and emergent systems, derives their common characteristics and explains the fundamental ideas for a formal characterisation of such systems. Special emphasis is given to a quantitative treatment of concepts like self-organisation, emergence, autonomy, robustness, and adaptivity. The book shows practical examples of architectures for OC systems and their applications in traffic control, grid computing, sensor networks, robotics, and smart camera systems. The extension of single OC systems into collective systems consisting of social agents based on concepts like trust and reputation is explained. OC makes heavy use of learning and optimisation technologies; a compact overview of these technologies and related approaches to self-organising systems is provided. So far, OC literature has been published with the researcher in mind. Although the existing books have tried to follow a didactical concept, they remain basically collections of scientific papers. A comprehensive and systematic account of the OC ideas, methods, and achievements in the form of a textbook which lends itself to the newcomer in this field has been missing so far. The targeted reader of this book is the master student in Computer Science, Computer Engineering or Electrical Engineering - or any other newcomer to the field of Organic Computing with some technical or Computer Science background. Readers can seek access to OC ideas from different perspectives: OC can be viewed (1) as a „philosophy“ of adaptive and self-organising - life-like - technical systems, (2) as an approach to a more quantitative and formal understanding of such systems, and finally (3) a construction method for the practitioner who wants to build such systems. In this book, we first try to convey to the reader a feeling of the special character of natural and technical self-organising and adaptive systems through a large number of illustrative examples. Then we discuss quantitative aspects of such forms of organisation, and finally we turn to methods of how to build such systems for practical applications.

Inside the World of Computing

Jean-Loic Delhaye
Inside the World of Computing Book PDF

Author : Jean-Loic Delhaye
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2021-03-31
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781119821731

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Inside the World of Computing by Jean-Loic Delhaye Pdf

Computers and the Internet are an undeniable and inextricable part of our daily lives. This book is for those who wish to better understand how this came to be. It explores the technological bases of computers, networks, software and data management, leading to the development of four Âpillars on which the essential applications that have a strong impact on individuals and society are based: embedded systems, Artificial Intelligence, the Internet, image processing and vision. We will travel to the heart of major application areas: robotics, virtual reality, health, mobility, energy, the factory of the future, not forgetting the major questions that this Âdigitization can raise. This book is the authorÂs testimony after fifty years spent in environments that are very open to new technologies. It offers perspectives on the evolution of the digital world that we live in.

Understanding the Digital World

Brian W. Kernighan
Understanding the Digital World Book PDF

Author : Brian W. Kernighan
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2017-01-24
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780691176543

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Understanding the Digital World by Brian W. Kernighan Pdf

The basics of how computer hardware, software, and systems work, and the risks they create for our privacy and security Computers are everywhere. Some of them are highly visible, in laptops, tablets, cell phones, and smart watches. But most are invisible, like those in appliances, cars, medical equipment, transportation systems, power grids, and weapons. We never see the myriad computers that quietly collect, share, and sometimes leak vast amounts of personal data about us. Through computers, governments and companies increasingly monitor what we do. Social networks and advertisers know far more about us than we should be comfortable with, using information we freely give them. Criminals have all-too-easy access to our data. Do we truly understand the power of computers in our world? Understanding the Digital World explains how computer hardware, software, networks, and systems work. Topics include how computers are built and how they compute; what programming is and why it is difficult; how the Internet and the web operate; and how all of these affect our security, privacy, property, and other important social, political, and economic issues. This book also touches on fundamental ideas from computer science and some of the inherent limitations of computers. It includes numerous color illustrations, notes on sources for further exploration, and a glossary to explain technical terms and buzzwords. Understanding the Digital World is a must-read for all who want to know more about computers and communications. It explains, precisely and carefully, not only how they operate but also how they influence our daily lives, in terms anyone can understand, no matter what their experience and knowledge of technology.

Artificial Unintelligence

Meredith Broussard
Artificial Unintelligence Book PDF

Author : Meredith Broussard
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2019-01-29
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780262537018

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Artificial Unintelligence by Meredith Broussard Pdf

A guide to understanding the inner workings and outer limits of technology and why we should never assume that computers always get it right. In Artificial Unintelligence, Meredith Broussard argues that our collective enthusiasm for applying computer technology to every aspect of life has resulted in a tremendous amount of poorly designed systems. We are so eager to do everything digitally—hiring, driving, paying bills, even choosing romantic partners—that we have stopped demanding that our technology actually work. Broussard, a software developer and journalist, reminds us that there are fundamental limits to what we can (and should) do with technology. With this book, she offers a guide to understanding the inner workings and outer limits of technology—and issues a warning that we should never assume that computers always get things right. Making a case against technochauvinism—the belief that technology is always the solution—Broussard argues that it's just not true that social problems would inevitably retreat before a digitally enabled Utopia. To prove her point, she undertakes a series of adventures in computer programming. She goes for an alarming ride in a driverless car, concluding “the cyborg future is not coming any time soon”; uses artificial intelligence to investigate why students can't pass standardized tests; deploys machine learning to predict which passengers survived the Titanic disaster; and attempts to repair the U.S. campaign finance system by building AI software. If we understand the limits of what we can do with technology, Broussard tells us, we can make better choices about what we should do with it to make the world better for everyone.

Understanding the Digital World

Brian W. Kernighan
Understanding the Digital World Book PDF

Author : Brian W. Kernighan
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2021-03-30
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780691219103

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Understanding the Digital World by Brian W. Kernighan Pdf

A brand-new edition of the popular introductory textbook that explores how computer hardware, software, and networks work Computers are everywhere. Some are highly visible, in laptops, tablets, cell phones, and smart watches. But most are invisible, like those in appliances, cars, medical equipment, transportation systems, power grids, and weapons. We never see the myriad computers that quietly collect, share, and sometimes leak personal data about us. Governments and companies increasingly use computers to monitor what we do. Social networks and advertisers know more about us than we should be comfortable with. Criminals have all-too-easy access to our data. Do we truly understand the power of computers in our world? In this updated edition of Understanding the Digital World, Brian Kernighan explains how computer hardware, software, and networks work. Topics include how computers are built and how they compute; what programming is; how the Internet and web operate; and how all of these affect security, privacy, property, and other important social, political, and economic issues. Kernighan touches on fundamental ideas from computer science and some of the inherent limitations of computers, and new sections in the book explore Python programming, big data, machine learning, and much more. Numerous color illustrations, notes on sources for further exploration, and a glossary explaining technical terms and buzzwords are included. Understanding the Digital World is a must-read for readers of all backgrounds who want to know more about computers and communications.

Context in Computing

Patrick Brézillon,Avelino J. Gonzalez
Context in Computing Book PDF

Author : Patrick Brézillon,Avelino J. Gonzalez
Publisher : Springer
Page : 573 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2014-12-09
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781493918874

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Context in Computing by Patrick Brézillon,Avelino J. Gonzalez Pdf

This volume explores how context has been and can be used in computing to model human behaviors, actions and communications as well as to manage data and knowledge. It addresses context management and exploitation of context for sharing experience across domains. The book serves as a user-centric guide for readers wishing to develop context-based applications, as well as an intellectual reference on the concept of context. It provides a broad yet deep treatment of context in computing and related areas that depend heavily on computing. The coverage is broad because of its cross-disciplinary nature but treats topics at a sufficient depth to permit a reader to implement context in his/her computational endeavors. The volume addresses how context can be integrated in software and systems and how it can be used in a computing environment. Furthermore, the use of context to represent the human dimension, individually as well as collectively is explained. Contributions also include descriptions of how context has been represented in formal as well as non-formal, structured approaches. The last section describes several human behavior representation paradigms based on the concept of context as its central representational element. The depth and breadth of this content is certain to provide useful as well as intellectually enriching information to readers of diverse backgrounds who have an interest in or are intrigued by using context to assist in their representation of the real world.

Our Digital World: Introduction to Computing

Jon Gordon,Karen Lankisch,Nancy Muir,Denise Seguin,Anita Verno
Our Digital World Introduction to Computing Book PDF

Author : Jon Gordon,Karen Lankisch,Nancy Muir,Denise Seguin,Anita Verno
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2012-07-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 076384764X

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Our Digital World: Introduction to Computing by Jon Gordon,Karen Lankisch,Nancy Muir,Denise Seguin,Anita Verno Pdf

Today's post secondary students tend to be highly connected. They engage with a variety of technologies in a typical day. Our Digital World combines online activities and textbook resources to create an innovative hybrid learning product that appeals to contemporary students. It captures the excitement of cutting-edge technology developments and inspires students to explore topics and related ethical and security issues through videos, online research, and hands-on activities.

A History of Modern Computing, second edition

Paul E. Ceruzzi
A History of Modern Computing second edition Book PDF

Author : Paul E. Ceruzzi
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 468 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2003-04-08
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0262532034

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A History of Modern Computing, second edition by Paul E. Ceruzzi Pdf

From the first digital computer to the dot-com crash—a story of individuals, institutions, and the forces that led to a series of dramatic transformations. This engaging history covers modern computing from the development of the first electronic digital computer through the dot-com crash. The author concentrates on five key moments of transition: the transformation of the computer in the late 1940s from a specialized scientific instrument to a commercial product; the emergence of small systems in the late 1960s; the beginning of personal computing in the 1970s; the spread of networking after 1985; and, in a chapter written for this edition, the period 1995-2001. The new material focuses on the Microsoft antitrust suit, the rise and fall of the dot-coms, and the advent of open source software, particularly Linux. Within the chronological narrative, the book traces several overlapping threads: the evolution of the computer's internal design; the effect of economic trends and the Cold War; the long-term role of IBM as a player and as a target for upstart entrepreneurs; the growth of software from a hidden element to a major character in the story of computing; and the recurring issue of the place of information and computing in a democratic society. The focus is on the United States (though Europe and Japan enter the story at crucial points), on computing per se rather than on applications such as artificial intelligence, and on systems that were sold commercially and installed in quantities.

Pervasive Computing Handbook

Uwe Hansmann,Lothar Merk,Martin S. Nicklous,Thomas Stober
Pervasive Computing Handbook Book PDF

Author : Uwe Hansmann,Lothar Merk,Martin S. Nicklous,Thomas Stober
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 421 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783662043189

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Pervasive Computing Handbook by Uwe Hansmann,Lothar Merk,Martin S. Nicklous,Thomas Stober Pdf

This book is a guide for the world of Pervasive Computing. It describes a new class of computing devices which are becoming omnipresent in every day life. They make information access and processing easily available for everyone from anywhere at any time. Mobility, wireless connectivity, di- versity, and ease-of-use are the magic keywords of Pervasive Computing. The book covers these front-end devices as well as their operating systems and the back-end infrastructure which integrate these pervasive components into a seamless IT world. A strong emphasis is placed on the underlying technologies and standards applied when building up pervasive solutions. These fundamental topics include commonly used terms such as XML, WAP, UMTS, GPRS, Bluetooth, Jini, transcoding, and cryptography, to mention just a few. Besides a comprehensive state-of-the-art description of the Pervasive Computing technology itself, this book gives an overview of today's real-life applications and accompanying service offerings. M-Commerce, e-Business, networked home, travel, and finance are exciting examples of applied Pervasive Computing.

A Brief History of Computing

Gerard O'Regan
A Brief History of Computing Book PDF

Author : Gerard O'Regan
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2012-03-05
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781447123590

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A Brief History of Computing by Gerard O'Regan Pdf

This lively and fascinating text traces the key developments in computation – from 3000 B.C. to the present day – in an easy-to-follow and concise manner. Topics and features: ideal for self-study, offering many pedagogical features such as chapter-opening key topics, chapter introductions and summaries, exercises, and a glossary; presents detailed information on major figures in computing, such as Boole, Babbage, Shannon, Turing, Zuse and Von Neumann; reviews the history of software engineering and of programming languages, including syntax and semantics; discusses the progress of artificial intelligence, with extension to such key disciplines as philosophy, psychology, linguistics, neural networks and cybernetics; examines the impact on society of the introduction of the personal computer, the World Wide Web, and the development of mobile phone technology; follows the evolution of a number of major technology companies, including IBM, Microsoft and Apple.

Leaders in Computing

BCS, The Chartered Institute for IT.
Leaders in Computing Book PDF

Author : BCS, The Chartered Institute for IT.
Publisher : BCS, The Chartered Institute
Page : 73 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781780170992

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Leaders in Computing by BCS, The Chartered Institute for IT. Pdf

This collection of interviews provides a fascinating insight into the thoughts and ideas of influential figures from the world of IT and computing, such as Sir Tim Berners-Lee, Donald Knuth, Linus Torvalds, Jimmy Wales and Steve Wozniak. It gives an excellent overview of important developments in this diverse field over recent years.

A People’s History of Computing in the United States

Joy Lisi Rankin
A People s History of Computing in the United States Book PDF

Author : Joy Lisi Rankin
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2018-10-22
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780674988514

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A People’s History of Computing in the United States by Joy Lisi Rankin Pdf

Does Silicon Valley deserve all the credit for digital creativity and social media? Joy Rankin questions this triumphalism by revisiting a pre-PC time when schools were not the last stop for mature consumer technologies but flourishing sites of innovative collaboration—when users taught computers and visionaries dreamed of networked access for all.

A New History of Modern Computing

Thomas Haigh,Paul E. Ceruzzi
A New History of Modern Computing Book PDF

Author : Thomas Haigh,Paul E. Ceruzzi
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 545 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2021-09-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780262366472

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A New History of Modern Computing by Thomas Haigh,Paul E. Ceruzzi Pdf

How the computer became universal. Over the past fifty years, the computer has been transformed from a hulking scientific supertool and data processing workhorse, remote from the experiences of ordinary people, to a diverse family of devices that billions rely on to play games, shop, stream music and movies, communicate, and count their steps. In A New History of Modern Computing, Thomas Haigh and Paul Ceruzzi trace these changes. A comprehensive reimagining of Ceruzzi's A History of Modern Computing, this new volume uses each chapter to recount one such transformation, describing how a particular community of users and producers remade the computer into something new. Haigh and Ceruzzi ground their accounts of these computing revolutions in the longer and deeper history of computing technology. They begin with the story of the 1945 ENIAC computer, which introduced the vocabulary of "programs" and "programming," and proceed through email, pocket calculators, personal computers, the World Wide Web, videogames, smart phones, and our current world of computers everywhere--in phones, cars, appliances, watches, and more. Finally, they consider the Tesla Model S as an object that simultaneously embodies many strands of computing.