Extracellular Vesicle Mediated Processes In Cardiovascular Diseases

Author : Rory R. Koenen,Elena Aikawa
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 118 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2018-10-19
Category : Cardiovascular system
ISBN : 9782889456208

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Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Processes in Cardiovascular Diseases by Rory R. Koenen,Elena Aikawa Pdf

It is long known that many cells can shed extracellular vesicles, small membrane-enclosed cell fragments. Although the existence of extracellular vesicles has been recognized for many years, researchers are only beginning to understand their physiologic significance. Several recent studies have demonstrated that extracellular vesicles released from cells serve as a mode of cellular communication. They can carry diverse molecular payload (e.g. nucleic acids, bioactive lipids and proteins) to distal organs and recipient cells. Extracellular vesicles can be classified into three major groups: exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. All these types of extracellular vesicles can be found in a variety of biologic specimen and their numbers, distribution and composition may serve as biomarkers for various disorders, including cardiovascular disease. Although extracellular vesicle-mediated processes are currently best characterized in the fields of cancer biology and neurobiology, evidence is accumulating that extracellular vesicles play a key role in the pathophysiology of diabetes, thrombosis, inflammation and cardiovascular calcification. In this Research Topic, we invited review and methodological articles that advance our understanding of extracellular vesicle-related processes in vascular biology.

Author : Junjie Xiao,Sanda Cretoiu
Publisher : Springer
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2017-09-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811043970

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Exosomes in Cardiovascular Diseases by Junjie Xiao,Sanda Cretoiu Pdf

The book provides and intensive overview on exosomes in cardiovascular diseases, its potential as biomarkers, as well as pathological and therapeutic effects. It firstly describes the general aspects of exosomes including the definition, formation and secretion of exosomes and highlight their roles as biomarkers and pathological and therapeutic effects in cardiovascular diseases as well. Secondly, basic aspects of exosomes including the purification methods of exosomes, exosomes content, and functional roles of the cardiovascular exosomes are summarized. Thirdly, exosomes as biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases are overviewed including their roles in diagnosis, prognosis and reaction to therapy. Fourthly, pathological effects of exosomes and therapeutic effects of exosomes are highlighted. Finally, future prospects of exosomes in cardiovascular research would be provided. This is an essential reference for researchers working in cell biology and regeneration, as well as clinicians such as cardiologist.

Author : Ana Gil De Bona,Jose Antonio Reales-Calderon
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2020-03-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781789239430

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Extracellular Vesicles and Their Importance in Human Health by Ana Gil De Bona,Jose Antonio Reales-Calderon Pdf

Extracellular vesicle is a wide term that involves many different types of vesicles. Almost all the cell types studied secrete vesicles to the extracellular environment related to cell - cell communication. Extracellular vesicles have been found in different biological fluids, such as blood, milk, saliva, tears, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid. These vesicles transport different molecules, including mRNA, proteins, and lipids, some of them cell type specific that make them ideal biomarkers in both health and disease conditions. However, their contribution to different conditions is not well understood. The aim of this book is to provide an overview of the extracellular vesicles in the human body, how they are internalized, and their participation in several diseases.

Author : Xiaoheng Liu,Youhua Tan,Bingmei M. Fu,Yang Shen
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 165 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2022-10-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832501627

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New Insights Into Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiovascular Disease: Molecular Basis, Diagnosis and Therapy by Xiaoheng Liu,Youhua Tan,Bingmei M. Fu,Yang Shen Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2020-11-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128206621

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Extracellular Vesicles by Anonim Pdf

Extracellular Vesicles, Volume 645 in the Methods in Enzymology series, continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. Chapters in this new release include Genetic labeling of extracellular vesicle exosomes for studying biogenesis and uptake in living mammalian cells, Fluorescent Labeling of Extracellular Vesicles, Isolation of extracellular vesicles from lymph, Transgenic rats for tracking body fluid/tissue-derived extracellular vesicles, Isolation of amniotic extracellular vesicles, Urinary extracellular vesicle isolation, Immunocapture-based ELISA to Characterize and Quantify Extracellular Vesicles in Both Cell Culture Supernatants and Body Fluids, and much more. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Methods in Enzymology series

Author : Junjie Yang,Zhen-Ao Zhao,Zhongjian Cheng,Phuong-Uyen Dinh,Ke Huang,Zhenhua Li
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2023-05-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782832524176

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Extracellular vesicles in cardiovascular diseases by Junjie Yang,Zhen-Ao Zhao,Zhongjian Cheng,Phuong-Uyen Dinh,Ke Huang,Zhenhua Li Pdf

Author : Bruce Alberts
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Cytology
ISBN : 0815332181

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Molecular Biology of The Cell by Bruce Alberts Pdf

Author : Derek Hausenloy,Derek Yellon
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2009-08-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780191575488

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Cardioprotection by Derek Hausenloy,Derek Yellon Pdf

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death worldwide with 3.8 million men and 3.4 million women dying each year. Cardioprotection refers to the prevention of CHD and the clinical improvement in patients suffering from cardiovascular problems. This book focuses on the role of cardioprotection in surgery and the use of pharmacological therapies such as ACE-inhibitors, statins and beta-blockers in order to reduce the myocardial injury sustained by the patient and the significant risk of morbidity and mortality. It includes new cardioprotective strategies aimed at improving the clinical outcomes of patients in these settings, as well as current well-established methods for reducing myocardial injury in acute coronary syndrome patients.

Author : Junjie Xiao
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2023-09-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789819914432

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Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases by Junjie Xiao Pdf

This book provides the latest research progress on Extracellular vesicles (EVs) in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. EVs are small bilayer lipid membrane vesicles released by cells and function for intercellular communication. Increasing evidence has shown that EVs play crucial roles in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, which seriously threaten human health worldwide. The book contains four sections: 1) Extraction Methods; 2) EVs in Cardiovascular Diseases; 3) EVs in Metabolic Diseases; and 4) Therapeutic Implications. This book is useful for biologists, cardiologists, cardiovascular surgeons, endocrinologists, internists, nurses, undergraduate and graduate students in medicine and cell biology, and others interested in cardiovascular and metabolic medicine.

Author : Bertrand Kaeffer,Hanna Taipaleenmäki,Sandra Lopes De Souza
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 111 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2021-03-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889665259

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RNA-Mediated Processes in Epigenetics; an Integrative View in the Maintenance of Homeostasis by Bertrand Kaeffer,Hanna Taipaleenmäki,Sandra Lopes De Souza Pdf

Author : Paul Harrison,Chris Gardiner,Ian L. Sargent
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 484 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2014-05-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789814411981

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Extracellular Vesicles in Health and Disease by Paul Harrison,Chris Gardiner,Ian L. Sargent Pdf

Interest in the role of extracellular vesicles (microvesicles and exosomes) is expanding rapidly. It is now apparent that far from being merely cellular debris, these vesicles play a key role in cell-to-cell communication and signaling. Moreover, they are significantly elevated in a number of diseases. This raises the question of their direct role in pathogenesis as well as their possible use as biomarkers. This book stems from the first international meeting on "Microvesicles and Nanovesicles in Health and Disease" held at Magdalen College, Oxford, in 2010. The purpose of the meeting was to bring together, for the first time, a range of experts from around the world to discuss the latest advances in this field. Key to the study of these vesicles is the availability of methodologies for their measurement in biological fluids. A major section of the meeting focused on a range of exciting new technologies which have been developed for this purpose. The presentations at this meeting form the basis of this book, which will appeal to basic scientists, clinicians, and those developing technology for the measurement of extracellular vesicles.

Author : Larry Edelstein,John R. Smythies,Peter J. Quesenberry,Denis Noble
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 548 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2019-10-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128160541

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Exosomes by Larry Edelstein,John R. Smythies,Peter J. Quesenberry,Denis Noble Pdf

Exosomes: A Clinical Compendium is a comprehensive and authoritative account of exosomes in the context of biomarkers, diagnostics, and therapeutics across a wide spectrum of medical disciplines, as well as their role in cell-cell communication. It is intended to serve as a reference source for clinicians, physicians, and research scientists who wish to gain insight into the most recent advances in this rapidly growing field. The exosome revolution may well be the greatest advance in physiology and medicine since antibiotics. The discovery of their epigenetic role in intercellular signaling in virtually all tissues is a major breakthrough in our understanding of how cells function. Provides readers with a broad and timely overview of exosomes in health and disease, closing with a thought-provoking chapter on transgenerational inheritance, Darwin and Lamarck. Summarizes the most recent laboratory and clinical findings on exosomes across numerous medical disciplines, thereby offering readers a broad-ranging and solid foundation for prospective investigative efforts Twenty-one chapters authored by a global team of peer-acknowledged experts, each representing a key medical disciplineProvides readers with a broad and timely overview of exosomes in health and disease, closing

Author : Massimo Bottini,Ana Paula Ramos
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 450 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2023-11-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323991599

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Mineralizing Vesicles by Massimo Bottini,Ana Paula Ramos Pdf

Mineralizing Vesicles: From Biochemical and Biophysical Properties to Their Roles in Physiology and Disease presents the state-of-the art in the properties of mineralizing EVs and their potential clinical applications. The first chapter presents foundational biochemical and biological aspects of EVs. Next, the title coves the role of EVs in bone ossification and in cardiovascular and cartilage-related diseases. Considering the unique ability of this class of EVs to form apatite minerals assigned to their special biochemical machinery, three chapters of the book then focus on the enzymes catalysing the inorganic phosphate and calcium turn-over and the dynamic properties of the vesicles’ peripheral proteins. Chapters describe the role of inorganic phosphate and calcium ions and of autophagy on the biogenesis and function of mineralizing EVs. Recent studies show that the lumen of mineralizing EVs is partially filled with miRNA, and a chapter therefore considers research on the possible function of these vesicles as signalosomes. The final five chapters of the book describe practical aspects of working with mineralizing EVs, including their purification, proteomic and biophysical analyses, the use of biomimetic models and mineralizing EVs in regenerative medicine. This title presents, for the first time, a comprehensive account of mineralizing EVs and their potential clinical applications. It will be invaluable to researchers in the field. • Covers all aspects of mineralizing EVs, from their composition to their function in physiological and pathological processes, and their clinical potential • Presents mineralizing EVs systematically using clear accessible language • Describes practical aspects of working with mineralizing EVs • Integrates an account of the biochemistry and biophysics of vesicles with their functions • Takes a multidisciplinary perspective, offering an exhaustive and cutting-edge account of mineralizing EVs and human health

Author : Yan Yang,Yi Zhang,Ming Lei,Gui-Rong Li
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 227 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2023-08-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782832531686

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Cardiovascular Remodeling by Yan Yang,Yi Zhang,Ming Lei,Gui-Rong Li Pdf

Although the treatment has greatly progressed, the mortality of cardiovascular diseases remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Serious cardiovascular diseases, e.g., myocardial infarction, heart failure, cardiac dysrhythmias, and stroke, are resulted from cardiovascular remodeling secondary to the cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, aging, etc. Cardiac remodeling involves a series of molecular, cellular, and interstitial alterations, which manifest clinically as changes in size, mass, geometry, and function of the heart. In addition, vascular remodeling is an active process of structural alteration involving vascular wall thickening and lumen stenosis due to endothelial injury, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, and matrix deposition. This results in atherosclerosis and/or stenosis followed by myocardial infarction, stroke, etc. Thus, studies on the mechanism of cardiovascular remodeling and new therapeutic approaches are important scientifically and clinically. Cardiovascular remodeling is a response of specific cardiovascular cells, including cardiomyocytes, endothelial, smooth muscle cells, and interstitial cells, to noxious hemodynamic, metabolic, and inflammatory stimuli. The remodeling may initially be functional, compensatory, and adaptive, but it progresses to structural alterations that become pathogenic when the damaging stimuli are sustained. The mechanism of cardiovascular remodeling is complex, and recent studies focus on improving and/or reversing the remodeling by clarifying molecular mechanisms and identifying novel therapies. Pharmacological anti-remodeling, RNA-based (long non-coding RNA and microRNA) treatment, cell-based (iPS) cardiac repair, and cell-free exosome approaches have been shown to improve cardiovascular remodeling alongside proangiogenic, pro-survival, proliferative, and immunogenic factors, stimulating endogenous proliferative potential of cardiomyocytes. However, though advanced studies have progressed, the prognosis of the affected patients remains poor. Therefore, understanding novel mechanisms, identifying remodeling biomarkers, and developing new therapeutic drugs and approaches can lead to new therapeutic options for treating patients with cardiovascular diseases.

Author : Michel Félétou
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Page : 309 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781615041237

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The Endothelium by Michel Félétou Pdf

The endothelium, a monolayer of endothelial cells, constitutes the inner cellular lining of the blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries) and the lymphatic system, and therefore is in direct contact with the blood/lymph and the circulating cells. The endothelium is a major player in the control of blood fluidity, platelet aggregation and vascular tone, a major actor in the regulation of immunology, inflammation and angiogenesis, and an important metabolizing and an endocrine organ. Endothelial cells controls vascular tone, and thereby blood flow, by synthesizing and releasing relaxing and contracting factors such as nitric oxide, metabolites of arachidonic acid via the cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases and cytochrome P450 pathways, various peptides (endothelin, urotensin, CNP, adrenomedullin, etc.), adenosine, purines, reactive oxygen species and so on. Additionally, endothelial ectoenzymes are required steps in the generation of vasoactive hormones such as angiotensin II. An endothelial dysfunction linked to an imbalance in the synthesis and/or the release of these various endothelial factors may explain the initiation of cardiovascular pathologies (from hypertension to atherosclerosis) or their development and perpetuation. Table of Contents: Introduction / Multiple Functions of the Endothelial Cells / Calcium Signaling in Vascular Cells and Cell-to-Cell Communications / Endothelium-Dependent Regulation of Vascular Tone / Conclusion / References