Free Radical

Author : Hideo Togo
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2004-01-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080524257

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Advanced Free Radical Reactions for Organic Synthesis by Hideo Togo Pdf

Free radical reactions have become increasingly important and a very attractive tool in organic synthesis in the last two decades, due to their powerful, selective, specific, and mild reaction abilities. Advanced Free Radical Reactions for Organic Synthesis reviews information on all types of practical radical reactions, e.g. cyclizations, additions, hydrogen-atom abstractions, decarboxylation reactions. The book usefully provides experimental details for the most important reactions as well as numerous references to the original literature. By covering both the fundamentals and synthetic applications it is therefore suitable for both new and experienced researchers, chemists, biochemists, natural product chemists and graduate students. This title is the definitive guide to radical chemistry for all scientists. Introduces and reviews the use of radicals to perform synthetic transformations Practical details are provided for the most important methods Numerous references to the original literature

Author : William A. Pryor
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 1976
Category : Biochemistry
ISBN : 0125665016

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Free Radicals in Biology by William A. Pryor Pdf

Author : Donald Armstrong
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 461 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461518334

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Free Radicals in Diagnostic Medicine by Donald Armstrong Pdf

An International Syaposiua on Free Radicals in Diagnostic Medicine was co-sponsored by the state University of New York at Buffalo, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, and the Upstate NY Section of the American Association of Clinical Chemistry. The theme was "A Systems Approach To Laboratory Technology, Clinical Correlations And Antioxidant Therapy." The symposium was held on October 7-8, 1993 at the Hyatt Hotel and on October 9 at Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York. This proceedings volume contains chapters from platform presentations, poster sessions and from invited special lectures in the areas of basic science, clinical applications and efficacy of treatment. A Special Lecture on the relevance of free radical analysis to clinical medicine was presented by Professor Kunio Yagi of Japan. The Yagi procedure to measure thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reaction reflects the amount of reactive substances, lipid peroxides and aldehydes, in the sample. For example, normal subjects will have less than 4 nmol/ml of serum lipid peroxides, while a person with diabetes generally has equal or greater than 5.0 and a diabetic person with vascular complications often exceeds 7.5 nmol/ml. Serum TBA is a clinically important measure that relates to aging, gender and estrogen as an antioxidant, in the prognosis for vascular disorders, and in pathological conditions relative to the amount of lipid peroxidation. The BASIC SCIENCES portion of the program examined: "Mechanisms of Action, Pathophysiology and Laboratory Tests" in six presentations.

Author : Neville A. Punchard,Frank J. Kelly
Publisher : IRL Press
Page : 310 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : History
ISBN : 0199635595

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Free Radicals by Neville A. Punchard,Frank J. Kelly Pdf

With the recognition that oxygen and nitrogen radicals are involved in normal cell metabolism, free radical research has begun to feature in most disciplines in the life sciences. Increasingly, their implication in a number of human disease processes is being accepted, altough conclusive evidence is lacking in many instances, partly due to the difficulties in detecting and measuring free radicals that have lifetimes measured in microseconds. This book outlines the latest techniques for quantifying radicals and their effects, and features detailed protocols, hints, and tips for success, troubleshooting comments, sample data, and key literature citations.

Author : Michael Brooks
Publisher : Profile Books
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2011-07-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781847654496

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Free Radicals by Michael Brooks Pdf

For more than a century, science has cultivated a sober public image for itself. But as bestselling author Michael Brooks explains, the truth is very different: many of our most successful scientists have more in common with libertines than librarians. This thrilling exploration of some of the greatest breakthroughs in science reveals the extreme lengths some scientists go to in order to make their theories public. Fraud, suppressing evidence and unethical or reckless PR games are sometimes necessary to bring the best and most brilliant discoveries to the world's attention. Inspiration can come from the most unorthodox of places, and Brooks introduces us to Nobel laureates who get their ideas through drugs, dreams and hallucinations. Science is a highly competitive and ruthless discipline, and only its most determined and passionate practitioners make headlines - and history. To succeed, knowledge must be pursued by any means: in science, anything goes. 'Brooks is an exemplary science writer' William Leith, Daily Telegraph

Author : A.T. Diplock,M.C.R. Symons,C.A. Rice-Evans
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1991-12-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080858910

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Techniques in Free Radical Research by A.T. Diplock,M.C.R. Symons,C.A. Rice-Evans Pdf

Free radical species are generally short-lived due to their high reactivity and thus direct measurement and identification are often impossible. ESR is the only technique which has the potential for direct detection of radicals but in biological systems even these must be trapped by a spin-trapping agent. Thus most investigations involve recognition of indicators of the presence of radicals in vivo or "FOOTPRINTS" of radical-mediated damage. Techniques in Free Radical Research assembles and critically assesses the most relevant and reliable experimental approaches used towards the measurement of radicals and radical-mediated damage in chemical systems, in cells and in tissues under the following six headings: a) Footprints of DNA damage, b) Footprints of protein damage, c) Footprints of lipid peroxidation, d) Footprints of antioxidant consumption, e) Footprints via indirect radical assays, and f) Footprints via the availability of transition metal complexes.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1995-05-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0080534546

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Immunopharmacology of Free Radical Species by Anonim Pdf

Free radicals have been implicated in a entire host of different human disease states, which suggests that although they may not have a pivotal causal role, they are involved in the perpetuation of disease. In recentyears, it has become evident that although free radicals most certainly do have this role in perpetuating inflammatory reactions, they have perhaps a far more important role in acting as second messenger systems to maintain normal cell function. It is theperturbations of these reactions which pose the most intriguing therapeutic challenges. This volume deals with various basic mechanisms of free radical processes and injury. The emphasis in each case is on potential therapeutic strategies developing fromthis new knowledge.

Author : E. T. Denisov,T. G. Denisova,T. S. Pokidova
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 904 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2005-01-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780471281832

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Handbook of Free Radical Initiators by E. T. Denisov,T. G. Denisova,T. S. Pokidova Pdf

Free radical initiators–chemical molecules which easilydecompose into free radicals–serve as reactive intermediatesin synthetic methodologies such as organic and polymer synthesis aswell as in technological processes, oligomerization, networkformation, and kinetic research. The Handbook of Free RadicalInitiators presents an up-to-date account of the physicochemicaldata on radical initiators and reactions of radical generation.Individual chapters include: Dialkyl Peroxides and Hydroperoxides Diacyl Peroxides, Peresters, and Organic Polyoxides Azo-Compounds Bimolecular Reactions of Free Radical Generation by Ozone,Dioxygen, Hydroperoxides, and Haloid Molecules Free Radical Abstraction Reactions Free Radical Addition Reactions Free Radical Recombination and DisproportoinationReactions Professionals and academic researchers in chemical engineering,pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, plastics, and rubbers will find theHandbook of Free Radical Initiators to be a distinguished, vitalresource.

Author : Barry Halliwell,John M. C. Gutteridge
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 961 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780198717478

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Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine by Barry Halliwell,John M. C. Gutteridge Pdf

Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine has become a classic text in the field of free radical and antioxidant research. Now in its fifth edition, the book has been comprehensively rewritten and updated whilst maintaining the clarity of its predecessors. Two new chapters discuss 'in vivo' and 'dietary' antioxidants, the first emphasising the role of peroxiredoxins and integrated defence mechanisms which allow useful roles for ROS, and the second containing new information on the role of fruits, vegetables, and vitamins in health and disease. This new edition also contains expanded coverage of the mechanisms of oxidative damage to lipids, DNA, and proteins (and the repair of such damage), and the roles played by reactive species in signal transduction, cell survival, death, human reproduction, defence mechanisms of animals and plants against pathogens, and other important biological events. The methodologies available to measure reactive species and oxidative damage (and their potential pitfalls) have been fully updated, as have the topics of phagocyte ROS production, NADPH oxidase enzymes, and toxicology. There is a detailed and critical evaluation of the role of free radicals and other reactive species in human diseases, especially cancer, cardiovascular, chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. New aspects of ageing are discussed in the context of the free radical theory of ageing. This book is recommended as a comprehensive introduction to the field for students, educators, clinicians, and researchers. It will also be an invaluable companion to all those interested in the role of free radicals in the life and biomedical sciences.

Author : Ismail Laher
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2014-06-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 3642300170

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Systems Biology of Free Radicals and Antioxidants by Ismail Laher Pdf

The focus of this collection of illustrated reviews is to discuss the systems biology of free radicals and anti-oxidants. Free radical induced cellular damage in a variety of tissues and organs is reviewed, with detailed discussion of molecular and cellular mechanisms. The collection is aimed at those new to the field, as well as clinicians and scientists with long standing interests in free radical biology. A feature of this collection is that the material also brings insights into various diseases where free radicals are thought to play a role. There is extensive discussion of the success and limitations of the use of antioxidants in several clinical settings.

Author : William Pryor
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323152211

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Frontiers of Free Radical Chemistry by William Pryor Pdf

Frontiers of Free Radical Chemistry covers the proceedings of the 1979 symposium on Frontiers of Free Radical Chemistry, held in Louisiana State University Chemistry Department, supported by the Exxon Education Foundation. The contributors discuss the mechanisms of hydrocarbon cracking; oxidation processes; inhibition; and the theory of organic radical reactions, halogenations, and organic peroxide chemistry. This book is organized into three parts encompassing 15 chapters. Part I deals with the understanding of molecular and free radical mechanisms in predicting thermochemical data for radicals and molecules. This part also describes the relationship between distortions of organic molecules and the reactions of pericyclic, ionic, and radical molecules. Part II presents quantitative evaluations of gas phase reactions or carbynes and hydrocarbon pyrolysis and cracking. Discussions on the reactions of free atoms and radicals in the chemistry of the stratosphere and natural troposphere, with an emphasis on the ozone layer and its potential depletion by artificial pollutants, are included in this part. Part III explores the pertinent free radical reactions related to fuel research. Petroleum chemists, researchers, and engineers will find this book invaluable.

Author : Clemens Sonntag
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 523 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2006-03-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540305927

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Free-Radical-Induced DNA Damage and Its Repair by Clemens Sonntag Pdf

The free-radical chemistry of DNA had been discussed in some detail in 1987 in my book The Chemical Basis of Radiation Biology. Obviously, the more recent developments and the concomitant higher level of understanding of mechanistic details are missing. Moreover, in the living cell, free-radical DNA damage is not only induced by ionizing radiation, but free-radical-induced DNA damage is a much more general phenomenon. It was, therefore, felt that it is now timely to review our present knowledge of free-radical-induced DNA damage induced by all conceivable free-radical-generating sources. Originally, it had been thought to include also a very important aspect, the repair of DNA damage by the cell’s various repair enzymes. Kevin Prise (Cancer Campaign, Gray Laboratory, L- don) was so kind to agree to write this part. However, an adequate description of this strongly expanding area would have exceeded the allocated space by much, and this section had to be omitted. The directors of the Max-Planck-Institut für Strahlenchemie (now MPI für Bioanorganische Chemie), Karl Wieghardt and Wolfgang Lubitz, kindly allowed me to continue to use its facilities after my retirement in 2001. Notably, our - brarian, Mrs. Jutta Theurich, and her right-hand help, Mrs. Rosemarie Schr- er, were most helpful in getting hold of the literature. I thank them very much. Without their constant help, this would have been very difficult indeed.

Author : Derek H. R. Barton,Sir Derek Barton,Shyamal I. Parekh
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1993-04-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521445809

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Half a Century of Free Radical Chemistry by Derek H. R. Barton,Sir Derek Barton,Shyamal I. Parekh Pdf

This book describes the experience over 25 years of the senior author with the chemistry of organic free radicals. It begins with a mechanistic study of industrial importance on the pyrolysis of chlorinated alkanes. It continues with a theory on the biosynthesis of phenolate derived alkaloids involving phenolate radical coupling. There follows 20 years of practical work to prove the theory correct, especially in the case of morphine alkaloids. The book then describes the work on nitrile photolysis (Barton reaction) which involved the invention of new radical chemistry leading to a simple synthesis of the important hormone, aldosterone. There follows a description of the invention of an important new method for the deoxygenation of biologically important molecules, especially sugars and nucleosides, using radical chemistry applied to thiocarbonyl derivatives. Some years later, in a logical extension to carboxylic acids, another new reaction was invented which provides carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and other radicals under mild conditions. A final chapter summarizes recent applications of thiocarbonyl group derived radical reactions by other authors.

Author : Toshikazu Yoshikawa
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 560 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Antioxidants
ISBN : STANFORD:36105025027470

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Free Radicals in Chemistry, Biology and Medicine by Toshikazu Yoshikawa Pdf

Author : C.A. Rice-Evans,R.H. Burdon
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 409 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1994-02-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080860886

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Free Radical Damage and its Control by C.A. Rice-Evans,R.H. Burdon Pdf

This book provides a comprehensive treatise on the chemical and biochemical consequences of damaging free radical reactions, the implications for the pathogenesis of disease and how this might be controlled endogenously and by radical scavenging drugs. Oxidative stress may be influenced by exogenous agents of oxidative stress, radiation, trauma, drug activation, oxygen excess, or by exogenous oxidative stress which is associated with many pathological states including chronic inflammatory disorders, cardiovascular disease, injury to the central nervous system, and connective tissue damage. This and many other such aspects are presented clearly and in depth. The development of antioxidant drugs depends on the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the generation of excessive free radicals in vivo, the factors controlling their release and the site of their action. This excellent volume presents an up-to-date account of the current state of knowledge in these areas.