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Author : Hans Bennis
Publisher : Amsterdam University Press
Page : 351 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2006-08
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789053568590
Investigation of the syntactic properties of empty categories and dummy pronouns within the framework of Government- Binding theory.
Author : Hans Bennis
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1987-01-01
Category : Dutch language
ISBN : 3110132761
In this study the syntactic properties of empty categories and dummy pronouns are investigated within the framework of Government-Binding theory. The assumption that clauses must have a subject is present in most, if not all, linguistic theories. In GB theory the requirement that clauses have a subject is stipulated as a consequence of the base rules or the Extended Projection Principle. In this book it is claimed that no such stipulation is necessary. The presence of a subject is exclusively determined by the theories of thematic roles and Case.This view is supported by the fact that the alleged dummy subjects Dutch, i.e. er and het, show a variety of properties, which can only be explained if they are not analyzed as dummy subjects. Further confirmation is derived from the fact that Dutch, subjectless sentences are found in precisely those circumstances in which neither -theory nor Case theory requires a subject to be present. Chapter 1 presents a theory of empty categories. This theory enables us to explain the distribution of gaps, and makes precise and correct predictions with respect to the occurrence of parasitic gaps.The non-dummy status of het, discussed in chapter 2, is supported by the fact that it can be the antecedent of PRO, reflexives, and parasitic gaps, and by an asymmetry in wh-movement from sentential complements. The analysis of het leads to a discussion of a variety of constructions, including constructions with raising, ergative, and psychological verbs. The adverbial pronoun er displays several distinct syntactic functions. In chapter 3 it is argued that none of these different functions justifies an analysis of er as a dummy subject.In chapter 4 some of the consequences of the theory introduced in the preceding chapters are investigated. These include a discussion of the status of the subject position in languages such as English, Italian, French, and Spanish, the structure of Old English, and the status of dummy pronouns in German and English.
Author : Hans Bennis
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2011-05-02
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110889536
In this study the syntactic properties of empty categories and dummy pronouns are investigated within the framework of Government-Binding theory. The assumption that clauses must have a subject is present in most, if not all, linguistic theories. In GB theory the requirement that clauses have a subject is stipulated as a consequence of the base rules or the Extended Projection Principle. In this book it is claimed that no such stipulation is necessary. The presence of a subject is exclusively determined by the theories of thematic roles and Case. This view is supported by the fact that the alleged dummy subjects Dutch, i.e. er and het, show a variety of properties, which can only be explained if they are not analyzed as dummy subjects. Further confirmation is derived from the fact that Dutch, subjectless sentences are found in precisely those circumstances in which neither -theory nor Case theory requires a subject to be present. Chapter 1 presents a theory of empty categories. This theory enables us to explain the distribution of gaps, and makes precise and correct predictions with respect to the occurrence of parasitic gaps. The non-dummy status of het, discussed in chapter 2, is supported by the fact that it can be the antecedent of PRO, reflexives, and parasitic gaps, and by an asymmetry in wh-movement from sentential complements. The analysis of het leads to a discussion of a variety of constructions, including constructions with raising, ergative, and psychological verbs. The adverbial pronoun er displays several distinct syntactic functions. In chapter 3 it is argued that none of these different functions justifies an analysis of er as a dummy subject. In chapter 4 some of the consequences of the theory introduced in the preceding chapters are investigated. These include a discussion of the status of the subject position in languages such as English, Italian, French, and Spanish, the structure of Old English, and the status of dummy pronouns in German and English.
Author : Hendrik Johan Bennis
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:64290633
Author : William N. Evans
Publisher : Univ of Wisconsin Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2010-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780299237530
These articles include recent research on ways to incorporate the noncognitive side of ability in economic theory and to empirically assess and explain its role in labor market and behavioral outcomes. Contributions investigate the extent to which assignment of workers is determined by traditional cognitive variables and by personality traits. Also presented in this collection is research on the role of noncognitive skills in explaining the labor market position of underrepresented groups and research that integrates the economic and psychological theory and evidence on noncognitive skills.
Author : Brian E. Howard
Publisher : BQB Publishing
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2018-07-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781608081929
Book one in the Motivated Series by Brian E. Howard./b?brbriIf you're conducting a job search for a professional position or considering such a job search, you should read this book. Brian Howard provides a thorough, approachable guide to each of the components of a job search that will help you be the selected candidate."/b/ibrbriThe Motivated Job Search - Second Edition This book provides the informational steps to conduct a job search, but more importantly strategic insight from someone who is actively engaged in front line recruiting. These strategic insights include: •using the "psychology of persuasion;" •understanding the mind and motivations of an employer; •maximizing the use of accomplishments/ •optimizing your LinkedIn profile; •and six unique tactics that will create differentiation from other job seekers.
Author : Ravi Kanbur,Jan Svejnar
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 586 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2009-05-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781135969387
As developing and transition economies enter the next phase of reforms, labor market issues increasingly come to the fore. With the increased competition from globalization, the discussion is shifting to the need for greater labor market flexibility and the creation of "good" jobs. Moreover, the greater actual and perceived insecurity in labor markets has generated a new agenda on how to structure safety nets and labor market regulation. The older questions of the links between the formal and informal labor market, reappear with new dimensions and significance. More generally, it is clear that an accurate understanding of how labor market structures function is essential if we are to analyze alternative policy proposals in the wake of these concerns. Oddly enough, in spite of this great importance, there are no recent monographs that bring together rigorous studies produced by academic researchers on these various issues. This book fills that gap. Under the steely editorship of Ravi Kanbur and Jan Svejnar, the contributors flourish in their attempts to enliven these debates.
Author : MissEstelle X. Liu,Todd Mattina,Mr.Tigran Poghosyan
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2015-05-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781513520551
This paper outlines an operational approach for incorporating the impact of asset price cycles in the calculation of structural fiscal balances (SFBs). The global financial crisis demonstrated that movements in asset prices can have an important fiscal impact. Failing to account for the fiscal impact of asset price cycles can encourage a pro-cyclical policy stance if temporarily high revenues are passed through into expenditures. In addition, over-estimating the SFB may lead to inadequate fiscal buffers when cyclical revenues eventually dissipate. The paper proposes an empirical approach to correct for asset prices and provides illustrative country results for selected OECD countries. We find that asset price cycles are imperfectly synchronized with the business cycle and are quantitatively significant with an average pre-crisis fiscal impact ranging from about 1⁄2 to 2 percent of GDP in the sample. For a number of countries, the pre-crisis fiscal impact of high asset prices was larger at about 4 percent of GDP.
Author : David Card,Alan B. Krueger
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 455 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2015-12-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781400880874
From David Card, winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics, and Alan Krueger, a provocative challenge to conventional wisdom about the minimum wage David Card and Alan B. Krueger have already made national news with their pathbreaking research on the minimum wage. Here they present a powerful new challenge to the conventional view that higher minimum wages reduce jobs for low-wage workers. In a work that has important implications for public policy as well as for the direction of economic research, the authors put standard economic theory to the test, using data from a series of recent episodes, including the 1992 increase in New Jersey's minimum wage, the 1988 rise in California's minimum wage, and the 1990–91 increases in the federal minimum wage. In each case they present a battery of evidence showing that increases in the minimum wage lead to increases in pay, but no loss in jobs. A distinctive feature of Card and Krueger's research is the use of empirical methods borrowed from the natural sciences, including comparisons between the "treatment" and "control" groups formed when the minimum wage rises for some workers but not for others. In addition, the authors critically reexamine the previous literature on the minimum wage and find that it, too, lacks support for the claim that a higher minimum wage cuts jobs. Finally, the effects of the minimum wage on family earnings, poverty outcomes, and the stock market valuation of low-wage employers are documented. Overall, this book calls into question the standard model of the labor market that has dominated economists' thinking on the minimum wage. In addition, it will shift the terms of the debate on the minimum wage in Washington and in state legislatures throughout the country. With a new preface discussing new data, Myth and Measurement continues to shift the terms of the debate on the minimum wage.
Author : Philippe De Vreyer,Francois Roubaud
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 463 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2013-06-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821397824
Although labor is usually the unique asset upon which poor people can make a living, little is known about the functioning of labor markets in Sub-Saharan Africa. The purpose of this volume is to contribute to the building of knowledge in this area. In this book, the authors use a unique set of identical and simultaneous labor force surveys conducted in seven capitals of Western Africa, as well as in some other African countries (Cameroon, Madagascar, Democratic Republic of Congo) in the 2000s. They present innovative and original results on how people are faring in these labour markets, using up-to-date econometric and statistical methods. Because so little is known about labor markets in the region, each chapter starts with detailed descriptive statistics that aim to shed light onto specific aspects of African urban labor markets. Comparisons between the ten cities are systematically carried out. Descriptive sections are followed by in-depth analyses on various issues. The book is divided into four parts that examine 13 topics. Part I presents the main stylised facts, which are investigated further in a more analytical way throughout the volume. Part II focuses on job quality and labor market conditions, such as unemployment and underemployment, vulnerability, and job satisfaction. Part III explores the many dimensions of labor market inequalities through various lenses, such as returns on education, segmentation, life-cycle inequality (with a particular focus on old age), inter-generational mobility, time related inequality, and gender and ethnic earnings discrimination. Part IV addresses some key coping mechanisms and private responses, with a focus on migration and child labor. The book concludes with recommendations for future research.
Author : Jack Hungelmann
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2009-06-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780470464687
Now updated — your guide to getting the best insurance policy Are you intimidated by insurance? Have no fear — this easy-to-understand guide explains everything you need to know, from getting the most coverage at the best price to dealing with adjusters, filing claims, and more. Whether you're looking for personal or business insurance, you'll see how to avoid common pitfalls, lower your costs, and get what you deserve at claim time. Get to know the basics — understand how to make good insurance decisions and reduce the chances of a financial loss in your life Take your insurance on the road — manage your personal automobile risks, handle special situations, insure recreational vehicles, and deal with insurance adjusters Understand homeowner's and renter's insurance — know what is and isn't covered by typical policies, common exclusions and pitfalls, and how to cover yourself against personal lawsuits Buy the right umbrella policy — discover the advantages, and coordinate your policies to cover the gaps Manage life, health, and disability risks — explore individual and group policies, understand Medicare basics, and evaluate long-term disability and long-term-care insurance Open the book and find: The best life, health, home, and auto policies Strategies for handling the claims process to get what you deserve Tips on adjusting your deductible to suit your lifestyle How to navigate healthcare policies Ways to reduce your risk and your premiums Common traps and loopholes Considerations for grads, freelancers, and remote workers
Author : Farrukh Iqbal,Shujiro Urata
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2002-05-31
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1402070470
This book presents a collection of papers which examine the evolution of small and medium enterprises (hereafter SMEs) in East Asia over the past quarter century or so. East Asia is of interest because this region has experienced, on average, the highest economic growth rates in the world during this period. This has been accompanied by dramatic transformations in sectoral output and employment, in patterns of domestic and international trade and in demographic flows within countries. It is of interest to see to what extent these transformations have affected, or have been influenced in turn by, industrial structure as reflected in the evolution of small firms. At the same time, not all countries in East Asia have grown at similar rates nor has there been uniformity in public policies across the region. So there is a background of diversity in both performance and policy. How smaller firms have coped with the different policy environments and patterns of economic transformation that have characterized the region in the recent past could be potential importance to the formulation of public policy in other developing countries. Small firms are important instruments for economic development. This book examines the factors that influence their evolution and performance.
Author : Stephan Klasen,Michael Grimm,Isabel Günther
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 490 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2020-06-09
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783728139979
Stephan Klasen is considered one of the most distinguished scholars on gender economics in the 21st century. Over the past 25 years, he has tirelessly worked to understand the complex phenomena of gender inequality: From counting the number of missing women in the world and shedding light on why women go missing, to showing that leaving girls out of school not only deprives them, but also robs society of the opportunity to thrive on the talents of its entire population. From understanding why equal rights and rising incomes everywhere have not resulted in women participating more at work, to measuring gender inequality in its various dimensions. This volume, a collection of some of Stephan Klasens most important writings on the topic of gender inequality, honours his academic life and gives the reader an in-depth insight into both what we know and do not yet know about the economics of gender inequality.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 112 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1995-09
Category : Labor laws and legislation
ISBN : UIUC:30112101051263
Publishes in-depth articles on labor subjects, current labor statistics, information about current labor contracts, and book reviews.
Author : Mammo Muchie,Angathevar Baskaran
Publisher : African Books Collective
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780798303477
The most popularised concept in the economics of innovation literature has been the national system of innovation (NSI). It was in the late 1980s that the concept that Frederik List coined as the 'National Political Economy of Production' took off again with different thinkers writing about the peculiarities and distinctions of the Japanese, American, British, German, East Asian Tigers and other varieties of system construction. Freeman defines National System of Innovation as 'the network of institutions in the public and private sectors whose activities and interactions initiate, import, modify and diff use new technologies.' Richard Nelson defines it as 'a set of institutions whose interactions determine the innovative performance of national firms. Lundvall defines the system of innovation as the 'elements and relationships which interact in the production, diffusion and use of new and economically useful knowledge and are either located within or rooted inside the borders of a nation state.' The normative assumption is that those nations that succeeded in building economic strength relied on the science, engineering, technology and innovation capability that made them to achieve an innovation advantage to put them ahead in the world, acquiring national or regional economic leadership as the case may be depending on what level of analyses is selected to look at particular failure, success or progress they made. In this volume we have a glimpse of how in different African economies from Ghana, Uganda, Kenya, South Africa and Nigeria specific cases have been taken to explore how systems of innovation is evolving.