Regulation Of The Contractile Cycle In Smooth Muscle

Author : Takeshi Nakano,David J. Hartshorne
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9784431658801

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Regulation of the Contractile Cycle in Smooth Muscle by Takeshi Nakano,David J. Hartshorne Pdf

At the Mie International Symposium held in Japan in April 1994, leading scientists reviewed recent advances in the understanding of the contractile mechanism in smooth muscle. The present volume collects the papers presented at the symposium, summarizing the latest advances in smooth muscle function and emphasizing important components of the contraction-relaxation cycle. Topics include a discussion of the smooth muscle cell membrane, with emphasis on its ion channels; the regulation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels and the relationship to force in smooth muscle; aspects of the two key regulatory enzymes involved with myosin phosphorylation-dephosphorylation; the molecular basis for pharmacomechanical coupling in smooth muscle; developments in the basic contractile mechanisms involving the crossbridge cycle of tonic and phasic muscle; the role of myosin light chains; and many others. The approach is broad and presents contemporary opinions in pharmacology, physiology, and biochemistry as they relate to smooth muscle function. The book will appeal not only to those working in these disciplines, but to vascular clinicians, obstetric-gynecological physicians, and gastroenterologists as well.

Author : Robert S. Moreland
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 547 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781468460032

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Regulation of Smooth Muscle Contraction by Robert S. Moreland Pdf

Sixth Annual Graduate Hospital Research Symposium REGULATION OF SMOOTH MUSCLE PROGRESS IN SOLVING THE PUZZLE Every so often a scientific conference comes at a time when everyone has new and exciting information, when old "dogmas" do not seem to be as well established, and when speakers and participants alike are ready to challenge interpretations of old and new experimental data. This was such a conference. What turns on a smooth muscle cell? The precise answer to this question has eluded scientists for much longer than I have been involved in the field. We know that an increase in cytosolic calcium is necessary and we know that phosphorylation of the 20 kDa myosin light chain is an important step in the process. We do not know if other processes are necessary for the initiation and lor maintenance of a smooth muscle contraction nor do we know if other processes modulate the regulation of contraction. The goal of the symposium on which this volume is based was to explore the most current hypotheses for the answers to these questions. I believe that after reading the chapters included in this volume, you will agree that this goal was achieved. The importance of calcium and calmodulin dependent myosin light chain phosphoryla tion in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction was reinforced by many presentations. However, the status of myosin light chain phosphorylation as a simple calcium dependent switch came under serious suspicion.

Author : International Union of Physiological Sciences. Satellite Conference on Smooth Muscle Contraction,Marion J. Siegman,Andrew Paul Somlyo,Newman L. Stephens,International Union of Physiological Sciences. Congress
Publisher : New York : Liss
Page : 544 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Nature
ISBN : UOM:39015012539279

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Regulation and Contraction of Smooth Muscle by International Union of Physiological Sciences. Satellite Conference on Smooth Muscle Contraction,Marion J. Siegman,Andrew Paul Somlyo,Newman L. Stephens,International Union of Physiological Sciences. Congress Pdf

Author : Robert Fitridge,M. M. Thompson
Publisher : University of Adelaide Press
Page : 589 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781922064004

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Mechanisms of Vascular Disease by Robert Fitridge,M. M. Thompson Pdf

New updated edition first published with Cambridge University Press. This new edition includes 29 chapters on topics as diverse as pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, vascular haemodynamics, haemostasis, thrombophilia and post-amputation pain syndromes.

Author : Robert S Moreland
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 576 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1992-01-31
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1468460048

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Regulation of Smooth Muscle Contraction by Robert S Moreland Pdf

Author : J. Gordon Betts,Peter DeSaix,Jody E. Johnson,Oksana Korol,Dean H. Kruse,Brandon Poe,James A. Wise,Mark Womble,Kelly A. Young
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2013-04-25
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1947172808

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Anatomy and Physiology by J. Gordon Betts,Peter DeSaix,Jody E. Johnson,Oksana Korol,Dean H. Kruse,Brandon Poe,James A. Wise,Mark Womble,Kelly A. Young Pdf

Author : Sushil K. Sarna
Publisher : Biota Publishing
Page : 159 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2010-11-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781615041510

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Colonic Motility by Sushil K. Sarna Pdf

Three distinct types of contractions perform colonic motility functions. Rhythmic phasic contractions (RPCs) cause slow net distal propulsion with extensive mixing/turning over. Infrequently occurring giant migrating contractions (GMCs) produce mass movements. Tonic contractions aid RPCs in their motor function. The spatiotemporal patterns of these contractions differ markedly. The amplitude and distance of propagation of a GMC are several-fold larger than those of an RPC. The enteric neurons and smooth muscle cells are the core regulators of all three types of contractions. The regulation of contractions by these mechanisms is modifiable by extrinsic factors: CNS, autonomic neurons, hormones, inflammatory mediators, and stress mediators. Only the GMCs produce descending inhibition, which accommodates the large bolus being propelled without increasing muscle tone. The strong compression of the colon wall generates afferent signals that are below nociceptive threshold in healthy subjects. However, these signals become nociceptive; if the amplitudes of GMCs increase, afferent nerves become hypersensitive, or descending inhibition is impaired. The GMCs also provide the force for rapid propulsion of feces and descending inhibition to relax the internal anal sphincter during defecation. The dysregulation of GMCs is a major factor in colonic motility disorders: irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and diverticular disease (DD). Frequent mass movements by GMCs cause diarrhea in diarrhea predominant IBS, IBD, and DD, while a decrease in the frequency of GMCs causes constipation. The GMCs generate the afferent signals for intermittent short-lived episodes of abdominal cramping in these disorders. Epigenetic dysregulation due to adverse events in early life is one of the major factors in generating the symptoms of IBS in adulthood.

Author : C. Y. Kao,Mary E. Carsten
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1997-08-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521482100

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Cellular Aspects of Smooth Muscle Function by C. Y. Kao,Mary E. Carsten Pdf

Smooth muscles line many internal organs and, in general, are involved in moving fluids and slurry around the body. They are controlled by the action of hormones, by nervous stimulation, and can be influenced by drugs. This 1997 book provides a review of our understanding of smooth muscle and integrates molecular, cellular and physiological information with tissue and anatomical studies. Well-known researchers have written chapters giving detailed reviews of our current knowledge of the biochemistry, pharmacology, physiology and anatomy of smooth muscle. In particular, they cover the seven most important areas of smooth muscle function including morphology, electrophysiology, mechanisms of electromechanical and pharmacomechanical coupling, calcium homeostasis, signal transduction, mechanics of contraction, and the contractile proteins. All those interested in muscular contraction will find this book worthwhile, whether they are biochemists, physiologists, or cell biologists.

Author : Lindsay Biga,Devon Quick,Sierra Dawson,Amy Harwell,Robin Hopkins,Joel Kaufmann,Mike LeMaster,Philip Matern,Katie Morrison-Graham,Jon Runyeon
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2019-09-26
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1955101159

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Anatomy & Physiology by Lindsay Biga,Devon Quick,Sierra Dawson,Amy Harwell,Robin Hopkins,Joel Kaufmann,Mike LeMaster,Philip Matern,Katie Morrison-Graham,Jon Runyeon Pdf

A version of the OpenStax text

Author : Chun Y. Seow
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 189 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2020-11-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781527562288

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An Introduction to Smooth Muscle Mechanics (2nd Edition) by Chun Y. Seow Pdf

This second edition is an updated version of an introductory level textbook intended for students who are interested in understanding the mechanical properties of smooth muscle. Compared with skeletal and cardiac muscles, smooth muscle is the least understood in terms of its contraction mechanism and the structure of its contractile apparatus. Nevertheless, it is an important tissue that is vital in many organ functions, such as blood pressure control, intestinal peristalsis, and the emptying of the bladder. Dysfunction of the muscle has been implicated in many diseases such as high blood pressure, asthma, and overactive bladders. This is the only book-length treatment of functional models of a variety of smooth muscle behaviors with their corresponding mathematical descriptions, and offers an easy-to-follow, step-by-step mathematical derivation that will help students to appreciate the muscle cell as a fine-tuned aggregate of mechanisms governed by the fundamental laws of physics. In addition to providing a detailed description of the known subcellular structure and mechanical function of the contractile apparatus of smooth muscle, it also covers experimentation techniques, instrumentation, and data analysis. The book is a must-have information source for anyone interested in smooth muscle cell ultrastructure, physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology.

Author : Michael Barany
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 418 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1996-01-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080527892

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Biochemistry of Smooth Muscle Contraction by Michael Barany Pdf

This valuable resource provides a systematic account of the biochemistry of smooth muscle contraction. As a comprehensive guide to this rapidly growing area of research, it covers the structure and characteristic properties of contractile and regulatory proteins, with special emphasis on their predicted function in the live muscle. Also included in this book are intermediate filament proteins, and desmin and vimentin, whose function in smooth muscle is unknown; and several enzymes involved in the phosphorylation-dephosphorylation of contractile and other proteins.

Author : Kazuhiro Kohama,Kooichi Saida
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Muscle contraction
ISBN : 3805561237

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Smooth Muscle Contraction by Kazuhiro Kohama,Kooichi Saida Pdf

Author : Peter Gunning
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 323 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2009-09-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780387857664

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Tropomyosin by Peter Gunning Pdf

A recent review of one of my grant applications commented on the ‘rediscovery of tropomyosin’. I was tempted to write back in my rebuttal to the reviewer that I didn’t realise it had been lost. Uncharacteristic maturity prevailed and I resisted the temptation, but I was struck by the underlying observation that research on the str- ture and function of tropomyosin has been somewhat invisible, particularly in terms of the cytoskeleton isoforms. So, how can it be that one of the two major components of the actin filament has been so thoroughly overlooked? I suspect that the answer is disappointingly pedestrian. Whereas the biochemistry of the 1980s revealed the potential of tropomyosin isoforms to diversify the function of actin filaments, the subsequent disenchantment with isoform biology in general in the 1990s inhibited growth of this field. With the development of more sophisticated experimental - proaches we are now seeing a growing realisation of the importance of tropomyosin in regulating actin filaments beyond its pivotal role in muscle contraction. The opportunity to edit this book came at a time when we had written several reviews on different aspects of tropomyosin function and I had just finished the background reading for a comprehensive review of tropomyosin biology. I realised that the field was simply beyond the capacity of any one person to do the field j- tice.

Author : Christopher L.-H. Huang
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 327 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2020-11-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781108495059

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Keynes & Aidley's Nerve and Muscle by Christopher L.-H. Huang Pdf

Editions previous to this one had R.D. Keynes and David J. Aidley as primary and secondary authors.

Author : Marion J. Siegman,Andrew P. Somlyo,Newman L. Stephens
Publisher : Wiley-Liss
Page : 526 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1987-10-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0471638080

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Regulation and Contraction of Smooth Muscle by Marion J. Siegman,Andrew P. Somlyo,Newman L. Stephens Pdf

Spanning a broad spectrum of experimental approaches, this volume explores the problem of regulation and contraction of smooth muscle at every level, from the molecular to the whole tissue. It offers insights into various areas of this field that are not yet fully understood, such as the molecular packing of the native myosin filaments and the conformational changes of the crossbridge associated with the ATPase cycle. Among other topics discussed are ultrastructure and crossbridge kinetics, biochemistry of contractile and regulatory proteins, pharmacological probes of regulatory systems, mechanics and energetics, and regulatory mechanisms in intact and skinned muscles. Also highlights a number of outstanding reports, including a review of the ultrastructural techniques that have enabled the visualization of crossbridges in smooth muscle in the rigor state. In addition, the book also reviews a major hypothesis on the role of myosin light chain phosphorylation as the key element in regulation of the contractile process by calcium.